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Shloka 22

Bhīṣma-nipāta-saṃvāda — Sañjaya’s Report of Bhīṣma’s Fall (भीष्मनिपातसंवादः)

त॑ हतं समरे भीष्म॑ं महारथकुलोदितम्‌ | संजयाचक्ष्व मे वीरं येन शर्म न विद्यहे,जो रणभूमिमें महाबली जमदग्निनन्दन परशुरामसे भी टक्कर लेनेकी सदा इच्छा रखते थे, जिनका पराक्रम इन्द्रके समान था और परशुरामजी भी जिन्हें पराजित न कर सके थे; संजय! महारथियोंके कुलमें प्रकट हुए वे महावीर भीष्म समरभूमिमें किस प्रकार मारे गये, यह मुझे बताओ; क्योंकि मुझे शान्ति नहीं मिल रही है

taṁ hataṁ samare bhīṣmaṁ mahāratha-kuloditam | sañjayācakṣva me vīraṁ yena śarma na vidyate ||

Dhṛtarāṣṭra nói: “Hỡi Sañjaya, hãy kể cho ta: vị anh hùng Bhīṣma, xuất thân từ dòng dõi đại xa chiến, đã bị giết trong trận chiến như thế nào. Ta chẳng được yên lòng; vì vậy hãy thuật lại sự ngã xuống của bậc dũng mãnh ấy—người có dũng lực như Indra, từng khao khát so tài ngay cả với Paraśurāma, con của Jamadagni—một người mà chính Paraśurāma cũng không thể khuất phục.”

तम्him/that (person)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हतम्slain
हतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भीष्मम्Bhishma
भीष्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महारथकुलोदितम्arisen in the lineage of great chariot-warriors
महारथकुलोदितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहारथ-कुल-उदित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
आचक्ष्वtell/declare
आचक्ष्व:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootचक्ष्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Dative, Singular
वीरम्the hero
वीरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
येनby whom/through whom
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
शर्मpeace/comfort
शर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विद्यतेexists/is found
विद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
P
Paraśurāma
J
Jamadagni
I
Indra
R
raṇabhūmi (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral weight of war and the anguish of attachment: even the fall of a seemingly invincible hero brings no solace to those bound by grief and responsibility. It also underscores the epic’s ethic of truthful witnessing—Sañjaya is asked to narrate events clearly so that understanding may arise amid sorrow.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, distressed and unable to find peace, asks Sañjaya to explain how Bhīṣma—renowned as a supreme warrior, comparable in valor to Indra and famed for his rivalry with Paraśurāma—could have been killed on the battlefield.