Shloka 37

Devanagari script

यत्‌ ते व्यवसितं तात तदस्माकमपि प्रियम्‌ । तत्‌ कुरुष्व महाराज युद्ध बुद्धि निवर्तय

Transliteration

yat te vyavasitaṃ tāta tadasmākam api priyam | tat kuruṣva mahārāja yuddha-buddhiṃ nivartaya ||

Translation

“Hỡi người thân yêu, quyết định mà ngài đã lập cũng làm chúng ta hoan hỷ. Tâu đại vương, xin hãy làm đúng như vậy—hãy rời tâm khỏi ý muốn chiến tranh.”

Word by Word

• यत्: which/that (what)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यद्
• Form: relative pronoun; neuter nominative/accusative singular

• ते: of you/your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: genitive singular (enclitic)

• व्यवसितम्: decided/resolved
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + अव + √सद् (व्यवसि-)
• Form: past passive participle; neuter nominative/accusative singular

• तात: dear one/son (term of address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात
• Form: masculine vocative singular

• तत्: that
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: neuter nominative/accusative singular

• अस्माकम्: of us/our
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: genitive plural

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि
• Form: particle

• प्रियम्: dear/pleasing
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय
• Form: neuter nominative singular (predicate adjective)

• तत्: that (thing)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: neuter accusative singular

• कुरुष्व: do (you)!
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ
• Form: imperative; 2nd person singular; parasmaipada

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: masculine vocative singular

• युद्ध: war/battle
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: neuter (stem); used as prior member in compound

• बुद्धिम्: intention/mindset
• बुद्धिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि
• Form: feminine accusative singular

• निवर्तय: turn back/withdraw (cause to cease)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + √वृत् (causative: निवर्तयति)
• Form: imperative; 2nd person singular; parasmaipada (causative)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Mahārāja (the king addressed)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A wise counselor affirms a good resolve and urges restraint: once a peaceful or prudent decision is made, one should act on it and withdraw the mind from the momentum of violence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya addresses the king respectfully and approvingly, saying that the king’s decision is welcome to others too, and he presses him to follow through by abandoning the war-oriented intention.