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Shloka 21

Bhīṣma–Karṇa Saṃvāda on the Śaraśayyā (भीष्म–कर्ण संवादः शरशय्यायाम्)

पुत्रस्तु तव त॑ दृष्टवा भीमार्जुनपराक्रमम्‌ । गाड़ेयस्य रथाभ्याशमुपजग्मे महाबल:

sañjaya uvāca |

putras tu tava taṁ dṛṣṭvā bhīmārjunaparākramam |

gāṅgeyasya rathābhyāśam upajagme mahābalaḥ ||

ekaikaṁ tribhir ānarccchat kaṅkukabarhiṇavājitaiḥ |

śuśarmāṇaṁ ca kṛpācāryaṁ ca tribhir eva vyadhat ||

prāgjyotiṣanṛpaṁ bhagadattaṁ sindhurājaṁ jayadratham |

citrasenaṁ vikarṇaṁ ca kṛtavarmāṇam eva ca |

durmīṣaṇaṁ tathā vīrau vindānuvindau mahārathau |

etān ekaikaṁ tribhir iṣubhir gṛdhrapakṣopamaiḥ pīḍayām āsa ||

Sañjaya nói: Thấy uy lực của Bhīma và Arjuna, con trai của bệ hạ—Duryodhana hùng mạnh—tiến đến gần chiến xa của Bhīṣma, người con của sông Gaṅgā. Trên chiến địa, hắn bắn mỗi người ba mũi tên, lông vũ như cánh kền kền: hắn đâm Śuśarmā và sư phụ Kṛpa, mỗi người ba mũi; và cũng vậy, hắn gây đau đớn dữ dội cho Bhagadatta, vua xứ Prāgjyotiṣa, Jayadratha vua xứ Sindhu, Citraseṇa, Vikarṇa, Kṛtavarman, Durmīṣaṇa, cùng các đại xa chiến Vinda và Anuvinda—mỗi người ba mũi tên.

पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तवof you/your
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), —
भीम-अर्जुन-पराक्रमम्the prowess of Bhima and Arjuna
भीम-अर्जुन-पराक्रमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपराक्रम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गाङ्गेयस्यof the son of Ganga (Bhishma)
गाङ्गेयस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootगाङ्गेय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
रथ-अभ्याशम्near the chariot / the vicinity of the chariot
रथ-अभ्याशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअभ्याश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपजग्मेapproached/went near
उपजग्मे:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-गम्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
महाबलःmighty/very strong
महाबलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एक-एकम्each (one by one)
एक-एकम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएक
त्रिभिःwith three
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeNumeral
Rootत्रि
Form—, Instrumental, Plural
आनर्च्छत्struck/shot at (hit)
आनर्च्छत्:
TypeVerb
Rootऋच्छ् (आ-ऋच्छ्)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कडुक-बर्हिण-वाजितैःwith arrows furnished with (kadūka-) peacock-feathered fittings
कडुक-बर्हिण-वाजितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवाजित
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
B
Bhīma
A
Arjuna
B
Bhīṣma (Gāṅgeya)
Ś
Śuśarmā
K
Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)
B
Bhagadatta
P
Prāgjyotiṣa
J
Jayadratha
S
Sindhu (Sindhurāja)
C
Citraseṇa
V
Vikarṇa
K
Kṛtavarman
D
Durmīṣaṇa
V
Vinda
A
Anuvinda
C
Chariot (ratha)
A
Arrows (iṣu/bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights how martial pride and fear operate together: even a powerful leader, stirred by the prowess of opponents (Bhīma and Arjuna), seeks proximity to an elder authority (Bhīṣma) while escalating violence. Ethically, it reflects the Mahābhārata’s recurring tension between kṣatriya duty (display of valor) and the widening harm that war unleashes.

Sañjaya reports that Duryodhana, seeing Bhīma and Arjuna’s valor, goes near Bhīṣma’s chariot. In the battle he shoots multiple named warriors—Śuśarmā, Kṛpa, Bhagadatta, Jayadratha, Citraseṇa, Vikarṇa, Kṛtavarman, Durmīṣaṇa, Vinda, and Anuvinda—each with three arrows, described as feathered like vulture wings.