Shloka 51

भीष्मस्य जलप्रार्थना — अर्जुनस्य पर्जन्यास्त्रप्रयोगः — दुर्योधनं प्रति सन्ध्युपदेशः

Bhīṣma’s request for water; Arjuna’s Parjanya-astra; counsel to Duryodhana on reconciliation

Devanagari script

सुशर्मन्‌ गच्छ शीघ्र त्वं बलौचै: परिवारित: । जहि पाण्डुसुतावेतोी धनंजयवृकोदरी,भेजते समय उसने कहा--'सुशर्मन्‌! तुम विशाल सेनाके साथ शीघ्र जाओ और अर्जुन तथा भीमसेन इन दोनों पाण्डुकुमारोंको मार डालो”

Transliteration

suśarman gaccha śīghra tvaṃ balaucaiḥ parivāritaḥ | jahi pāṇḍusutāv etau dhanañjayavṛkodarau ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: “Hỡi Suśarman, hãy lập tức lên đường, được bao quanh bởi những đạo quân hùng mạnh của ngươi. Hãy đánh hạ hai người con của Pāṇḍu—Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) và Vṛkodara (Bhīma).”

Word by Word

• सुशर्मन्: O Susharman
• सुशर्मन्: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुशर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• गच्छ: go
• गच्छ: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: Imperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• शीघ्रम्: quickly
• शीघ्रम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शीघ्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: —, Nominative, Singular

• बलौघैः: with masses of troops
• बलौघैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बलौघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• परिवारितः: surrounded, accompanied
• परिवारितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि + वृ (धातु) / परिवारित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• जहि: slay
• जहि: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: Imperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पाण्डुसुतौ: the two sons of Pandu
• पाण्डुसुतौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डुसुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Dual

• एतौ: these two
• एतौ: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Dual

• धनञ्जय: Dhananjaya (Arjuna)
• धनञ्जय: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनञ्जय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• वृकोदरम्: Vrikodara (Bhima)
• वृकोदरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृकोदर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Suśarman
• Arjuna (Dhanañjaya)
• Bhīma (Vṛkodara)
• Pāṇḍu

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the tension between ethical ideals and wartime imperatives: commanders prioritize strategic elimination of key warriors (Arjuna and Bhīma) to shift the balance of battle, illustrating how dharma in war is often framed through kṣatriya duty and victory-oriented counsel.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports an order directed to Suśarman to move quickly with a strong contingent and engage decisively, aiming to kill Arjuna and Bhīma—two pivotal Pāṇḍava fighters whose presence strongly influences the course of the battle.