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Shloka 90

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय ११०: पार्थभीमयोः प्रहारः तथा भीष्माभिमुखं संग्रामविस्तारः

Arjuna and Bhima’s pressure; escalation toward Bhishma

संजय कहते हैं--राजन्‌! यह सब जानकर कुन्तीके सभी पुत्र कुरुकुलके वृद्ध पितामह महात्मा भीष्मको प्रणाम करके अपने शिविरकी ओर चले गये ।। तथोक्तवति गाड़ेये परलोकाय दीक्षिते । अर्जुनो दुःखसंतप्त: सत्रीडमिदमब्रवीत्‌,गंगानन्दन भीष्म परलोककी दीक्षा ले चुके थे। उन्होंने जब पूर्वोक्त बात बतायी, तब अर्जुन दुःखसे संतप्त एवं लज्जित होकर श्रीकृष्णसे इस प्रकार बोले--

sañjaya uvāca—rājan! etat sarvaṁ jñātvā kuntī-putrāḥ sarve kuru-kula-vṛddhaṁ pitāmahaṁ mahātmānaṁ bhīṣmaṁ praṇamya sva-śibiraṁ jagmuḥ. tathokte gāṅgeye paralokāya dīkṣite, arjuno duḥkha-santaptaḥ sa-trīḍam idaṁ abravīt—

Sañjaya nói: “Tâu Đại vương! Hiểu rõ mọi điều ấy, tất cả các con của Kuntī cúi đầu đảnh lễ Bhīṣma—bậc đại hồn, vị tổ phụ già nua của dòng Kuru—rồi trở về doanh trại của mình. Khi con của sông Gaṅgā là Bhīṣma, người đã như được thánh hiến cho cuộc ra đi sang cõi sau, nói xong như vậy, Arjuna, bị nỗi buồn thiêu đốt và lòng hổ thẹn dày vò, liền thưa với Śrī Kṛṣṇa như sau.”

तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
उक्तवतिhaving said / when (he) said
उक्तवति:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
गाङ्गेयेin/with regard to Gāṅgeya (Bhīṣma)
गाङ्गेये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगाङ्गेय
Formmasculine, locative, singular
परलोकायfor the other world (afterlife)
परलोकाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपरलोक
Formmasculine, dative, singular
दीक्षितेinitiated, consecrated (prepared)
दीक्षिते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootदीक्ष्
Formpast passive participle (kta), masculine, locative, singular
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
दुःखसंतप्तःtormented by sorrow
दुःखसंतप्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःख-संतप्त
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सत्रीडम्together with modesty/shame (lit. with 'trī' = bashfulness)
सत्रीडम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस-त्री-इदम्
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
अब्रवीत्said, spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
K
Kuntī
P
Pāṇḍavas
K
Kuru dynasty
B
Bhīṣma (Gāṅgeya, Gaṅgā-nandana)
A
Arjuna
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
C
camp (śibira)

Educational Q&A

Even amid war, dharma requires honoring elders and acknowledging moral weight. Arjuna’s grief and shame signal ethical self-scrutiny: victory and duty do not erase the sorrow of harming revered kin, and guidance must be sought from a higher moral compass (here, Krishna).

After hearing Bhishma’s words, the Pandavas respectfully bow to him and return to their camp. Bhishma is portrayed as spiritually prepared for death. Arjuna, overwhelmed by sorrow and embarrassment, turns to Krishna and begins to speak.