Shloka 3

Devanagari script

धृष्टदय्युम्न॑ ततो विद्ध्वा ननाद सुमहाबल:

Transliteration

dhṛṣṭadyumnam tato viddhvā nanāda sumahābalaḥ

Translation

Sañjaya thưa: Sau khi đánh trúng Dhr̥ṣṭadyumna, chiến binh có sức mạnh phi thường ấy cất lên một tiếng gầm lớn—tiếng hô đắc thắng để phô bày uy lực, khích lệ quân mình và uy hiếp quân thù giữa sức ép đạo lý của chiến tranh.

Word by Word

• धृष्टद्युम्नम्: Dhrishtadyumna
• धृष्टद्युम्नम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृष्टद्युम्न
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• ततः: then; thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• विद्ध्वा: having known; recognizing
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)

• ननाद: roared; sounded aloud
• Type: Verb
• Root: नद्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सुमहाबलः: very mighty (one)
• सुमहाबलः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुमहाबल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhr̥ṣṭadyumna

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the kṣatriya battlefield ethos: after a successful strike, a warrior’s roar functions as a declaration of courage and dominance, shaping morale and fear. Ethically, it reflects how martial duty in the epic often intertwines physical action with psychological assertion.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Dhr̥ṣṭadyumna has been hit by a very powerful warrior, who then roars loudly—signaling triumph and intensifying the combat atmosphere.