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Shloka 41

भीष्मरथाभिमुख्यं — Arjuna’s advance with Śikhaṇḍin; Duḥśāsana’s interception

एवं बहुविधा वाच: श्रूयन्ते सम परस्परम्‌ । पाण्डवस्तवसंयुक्ता: पुत्राणां ते सुदारुणा:

evaṁ bahuvidhā vācaḥ śrūyante sama-parasparam | pāṇḍavas-tava-saṁyuktāḥ putrāṇāṁ te sudāruṇāḥ, mahārāja |

Sañjaya thưa: “Tâu Đại vương, khắp nơi đều vang lên đủ thứ lời bàn tán trao đổi—những lời vừa ca ngợi các Pāṇḍava, vừa đồng thời lên án các hoàng tử của bệ hạ bằng sự chê trách khắc nghiệt và ghê rợn. Những câu chuyện trong doanh trại vì thế bộc lộ phán xét đạo lý đang hình thành quanh hành vi của hai phe đối địch vào đêm trước chiến tranh.”

एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
बहु-विधाःof many kinds, various
बहु-विधाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुविध
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
वाचःspeeches, words
वाचः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
श्रूयन्तेare heard
श्रूयन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormPresent, Atmanepada (passive sense), Third, Plural
समम्together, mutually
समम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
परस्परम्with one another, mutually
परस्परम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर
पाण्डव-स्तव-संयुक्ताःconnected with praise of the Pandavas
पाण्डव-स्तव-संयुक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपाण्डवस्तवसंयुक्त
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पुत्राणाम्of (your) sons
पुत्राणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तेyour
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सु-दारुणाःvery harsh, extremely dreadful
सु-दारुणाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदारुण
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
महा-राजO great king
महा-राज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
P
Pāṇḍavas
K
Kauravas (Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how collective speech becomes a moral mirror: society instinctively praises perceived righteousness (the Pāṇḍavas) and condemns perceived wrongdoing (the king’s sons). It suggests that adharma invites public censure, while dharmic conduct earns esteem—even amid the chaos of war.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, in the surroundings of the armies, many mutual conversations are being heard. These remarks repeatedly include praise of the Pāṇḍavas and severe criticism of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons, indicating the prevailing sentiment among those present.