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Shloka 3

Nakula’s Declaration and the Uñchavṛtti Brāhmaṇa’s Superior Merit (Āśvamedhika Parva, Adhyāya 92)

कथं हि सर्वयज्ञेषु निश्चय: परमो5भवत्‌ | एतदर्हसि मे वक्तुं निखिलेन द्विजर्षभ

Janamejaya uvāca | kathaṁ hi sarvayajñeṣu niścayaḥ paramo 'bhavat | etad arhasi me vaktuṁ nikhilena dvijarṣabha ||

Janamejaya thưa: “Nhưng làm sao quyết tâm tối thượng ấy lại được xác lập giữa mọi lễ tế? Hỡi bậc tối thượng trong hàng ‘nhị sinh’, xin hãy nói cho ta trọn vẹn.”

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सर्वयज्ञेषुin all sacrifices
सर्वयज्ञेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
निश्चयःdecision/resolve
निश्चयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परमःsupreme/highest
परमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्became/was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एतत्this (matter)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अर्हसिyou are able/you ought
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent (Lat), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
वक्तुम्to tell/speak
वक्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormTumun (infinitive)
निखिलेनcompletely/in full
निखिलेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिखिल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
द्विजर्षभO bull among the twice-born (best Brahmin)
द्विजर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजर्षभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

जनमेजय उवाच

J
Janamejaya
D
dvijarṣabha (addressed Brahmin sage)

Educational Q&A

The verse models dharmic inquiry: a ruler seeks a clear, comprehensive account of how a ‘supreme resolve’ becomes authoritative across ritual life, implying that right action in sacrifice depends on well-grounded understanding rather than mere performance.

Janamejaya addresses a foremost Brahmin sage and asks for a full explanation of how an ultimate determination/conclusion came to be accepted in the context of all sacrifices, prompting the sage to elaborate on the underlying principle or precedent.