Shloka 15

यज्ञवाटवैभववर्णनम् / Description of the Splendour of the Sacrificial Enclosure

Devanagari script

उपायात॑ नरव्याप्र॑ फाल्गुनं प्रत्यवेदयत्‌ । वह बुद्धिमान्‌ दूत कुरुश्रेष्ठ युधिष्ठिके पास जा उन्हें नमस्कार करके बोला --'पुरुषसिंह अर्जुन निकट आ गये हैं' ।।

Transliteration

upāyāt naravyāghra phālgunaṁ pratyavedayat | sa buddhimān dūtaḥ kuruśreṣṭha yudhiṣṭhiram upagamya namaskṛtvā uvāca—“puruṣasiṁha arjunaḥ nikaṭam āgataḥ” || tac chrutvā nṛpatis tasya harṣabāṣpākulekṣaṇaḥ ||

Translation

Một sứ giả khôn ngoan đến gần Yudhiṣṭhira, bậc tối thượng của dòng Kuru, sau khi đảnh lễ liền tâu: “Ôi sư tử giữa loài người, Arjuna đã đến gần.” Nghe vậy, mắt nhà vua ngấn lệ hoan hỷ—bộc lộ niềm nhẹ nhõm và tình thâm theo lẽ dharma khi người thân trở về an toàn sau những phận sự hiểm nguy.

Word by Word

• उपायात्: came near/approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-या (धातु √या)
• Form: लुङ् (aorist), 3, singular, parasmaipada

• नरव्याघ्रः: tiger among men (hero)
• नरव्याघ्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरव्याघ्र
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• फाल्गुनम्: Phalguna (Arjuna)
• फाल्गुनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: फाल्गुन
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• प्रति: to/towards
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति

• अवेदयत्: informed/announced
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-विद् (धातु √विद्/√वेद् ‘to inform/announce’)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), 3, singular, parasmaipada

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• बुद्धिमान्: intelligent
• बुद्धिमान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बुद्धिमत्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• दूतः: messenger
• दूतः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दूत
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• कुरुश्रेष्ठ: O best of the Kurus
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरुश्रेष्ठ
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• युधिष्ठिर: O Yudhishthira
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• तत्: that (news/statement)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु √श्रु)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage)

• नृपतिः: the king
• नृपतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृपति
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• तस्य: of him/of that
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, singular

• हर्षबाष्पाकुलेक्षणः: whose eyes were filled with tears of joy
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हर्षबाष्पाकुलेक्षण
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

Speaker

युधिष्ठिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Arjuna (Phālguna)
• Messenger (Dūta)
• Kuru lineage (Kuruśreṣṭha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the dharmic bond between ruler and kin: a righteous king’s joy is not mere sentiment but gratitude and relief when a duty-bound hero returns safely. It also models proper conduct—an envoy delivers news respectfully, and the king’s emotion reflects humane kingship.

What is happening in the narrative?

A messenger arrives, salutes Yudhiṣṭhira, and announces that Arjuna (Phālguna) has come close. On hearing the news, Yudhiṣṭhira is overcome with happiness, his eyes filling with tears.