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Shloka 9

Brahmāstra-pratisaṃhāraḥ, Parīkṣit-nāmakaraṇam, Nagarotsava-varṇanam

Withdrawal of the Brahmāstra; Naming of Parīkṣit; Description of Civic Festivities

“वत्स! परलोकमें जाकर तू अपने पितासे मेरी यह बात कहना--“वीर! अन्तकाल आये बिना प्राणियोंके लिये किसी तरह भी मरना बड़ा कठिन होता है। तभी तो मैं यहाँ आप-जैसे पति तथा इस पुत्रसे बिछुड़कर भी जब कि मुझे मर जाना चाहिये, अबतक जी रही हूँ; मेरा सारा मंगल नष्ट हो गया है। मैं अकिंचन हो गयी हूँ” ।।

vaiśampāyana uvāca | vatsa, paralokaṁ gatvā tvaṁ pituḥ mama imāṁ vācaṁ vada— “vīra, antakāla āyātam vinā prāṇināṁ kathaṁcid api maraṇaṁ mahad duṣkaram. tata eva aham iha tvādṛśena patinā anena ca putreṇa viyuktā satī, yady api mama maraṇam ucitam, adyāpi jīvāmi; mama sarvaṁ maṅgalaṁ naṣṭam. aham akiñcanā jātā.” athavā dharmarājñāham anuñātā, mahābāho, bhakṣayiṣye viṣaṁ ghoraṁ, pravekṣye vā hutāśanam.

“Con ơi, khi con sang cõi bên kia, hãy nhắn với cha con lời này của mẹ: ‘Hỡi bậc anh hùng, nếu chưa đến giờ phút cuối cùng đã định, thì đối với chúng sinh, chết bằng bất cứ cách nào cũng vô cùng khó. Bởi vậy, dù nơi đây ta đã lìa xa người chồng như chàng và lìa xa đứa con này—dù lẽ ra ta phải chết—ta vẫn còn sống; mọi điềm lành của ta đã tiêu tan, và ta trở nên trắng tay.’ Nếu không, hỡi người dũng sĩ tay mạnh, sau khi xin phép Dharmarāja, ta sẽ uống độc dược ghê gớm hoặc bước vào ngọn lửa đang bừng cháy.”

वत्सO child
वत्स:
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
परलोकम्the other world
परलोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपरलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गत्वाhaving gone
गत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वपित्रेto your father
स्वपित्रे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वपितृ
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
ममmy
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाक्यम्statement/words
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ब्रूहिtell (say)
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
वीरO hero
वीर:
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अन्तकालःthe final time (time of death)
अन्तकालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आगतःhas come
आगतः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + गम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
विनाwithout
विना:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविना
प्राणिनाम्of living beings
प्राणिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
कथञ्चित्somehow, by any means
कथञ्चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथञ्चित्
मरणम्death
मरणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमरण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दुर्लभम्hard to obtain/difficult
दुर्लभम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्लभ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
ततःtherefore/then
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
त्वादृशेनwith one like you
त्वादृशेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वादृश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पत्याhusband
पत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अनेनwith this
अनेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पुत्रेणson
पुत्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वियुज्यhaving been separated
वियुज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + युज्
Formक्त्वा/ल्यप् (absolutive in -य), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
मर्तव्यम्should be died / ought to die
मर्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootमृ
Formतव्यत् (gerundive), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
अद्यापिeven now, still
अद्यापि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य + अपि
जीवामिI live
जीवामि:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
ममmy
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
सर्वम्all
सर्वम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मङ्गलम्auspiciousness, welfare
मङ्गलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमङ्गल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नष्टम्destroyed/lost
नष्टम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
अकिञ्चनाdestitute, having nothing
अकिञ्चना:
TypeAdjective
Rootअकिञ्चन
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अस्मिam
अस्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
अथवाor else
अथवा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथवा
धर्मराज्ञाby Dharmaraja (Yudhishthira)
धर्मराज्ञा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
अनुज्ञाताpermitted/authorized
अनुज्ञाता:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + ज्ञा
Formक्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
महाभुजO mighty-armed one
महाभुज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाभुज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
भक्षयिष्येI shall eat/consume
भक्षयिष्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootभक्ष्
FormFuture, First, Singular, Atmanepada
विषम्poison
विषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
घोरम्terrible
घोरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रवेक्ष्येI shall enter
प्रवेक्ष्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + विश्
FormFuture, First, Singular, Atmanepada
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
हुताशनम्fire (the eater of offerings)
हुताशनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहुताशन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
P
paraloka (the other world)
P
pitā (father, addressed to the child)
D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
V
viṣa (poison)
H
hutāśana (fire)

Educational Q&A

The passage underscores the Mahābhārata’s idea that death is governed by one’s destined time (antakāla): without that appointed moment, even intense suffering does not easily end life. It also frames self-destruction as an ethically weighty act, presented here as something sought only after seeking Dharmarāja’s authorization, highlighting the primacy of dharma and social-royal sanction in extreme decisions.

A grieving woman, speaking through a message to be delivered to her deceased husband in the afterlife, laments that she remains alive despite losing husband and son and despite feeling she should have died. In despair, she declares that she will seek Dharmarāja’s permission and then either drink poison or enter fire.