Shloka 20

कālacakra-वर्णनम् तथा āśrama-धarma-निरूपणम्

The Wheel of Time and the Norms of the Āśramas

Devanagari script

जितशिक्षोदरो मैत्र: शिष्टाचारसमन्वित: । वैणवीं धारयेद्‌ यष्टिं सोदक॑ च कमण्डलुम्‌

Transliteration

jitāśikṣodaro maitraḥ śiṣṭācārasamanvitaḥ | vaiṇavīṁ dhārayed yaṣṭiṁ sodakaṁ ca kamaṇḍalum ||

Translation

Thần Vāyu nói: “Người ấy hãy chế ngự những thôi thúc của lưỡi và bụng, đối đãi thân thiện với mọi người, và đầy đủ phong thái của bậc văn nhã. Hãy mang theo gậy tre và bình khất sĩ (kamaṇḍalu) đầy nước—sống trong kỷ luật tự chế và lễ nghi mẫu mực.”

Word by Word

• जितशिक्षोदरो: one whose belly (appetite) is restrained by discipline; self-controlled
• जितशिक्षोदरो: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित-शिक्षा-उदर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मैत्रः: friendly
• मैत्रः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मैत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शिष्टाचारसमन्वितः: endowed with proper conduct
• शिष्टाचारसमन्वितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शिष्टाचार-समन्वित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वैणवीं: bamboo (staff)
• वैणवीं: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैणवी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• धारयेत्: should carry/hold
• Type: Verb
• Root: धृ
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• यष्टिम्: staff, stick
• यष्टिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यष्टि
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• स: he
• स: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उदकम्: water
• उदकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• कमण्डलुम्: water-pot (kamandalu)
• कमण्डलुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कमण्डलु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyu-deva
• bamboo staff (vaiṇavī yaṣṭi)
• kamaṇḍalu (water-pot)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Master appetites (especially taste and hunger), cultivate friendliness toward all, and embody refined ethical conduct; the staff and water-pot symbolize a disciplined, simple, and regulated life.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyu-deva is instructing on the marks of a disciplined practitioner—describing the inner restraint (control of urges) and outer signs (bamboo staff and water-pot) that characterize proper conduct.