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Shloka 9

Brahmā’s Enumeration of Primacies (Ādi) and the Supremacy of Knowledge

Jñāna

द्विजवरो! पक्षियोंमें बाज, यज्ञोंमें उत्तम आहुति और सम्पूर्ण रेंगकर चलनेवाले जीवोंमें साँप श्रेष्ठ है ।। कृतमादिर्युगानां च सर्वेषां नात्र संशय: । हिरण्यं सर्वरत्नानामोषधीनां यवास्तथा,सत्ययुग सम्पूर्ण युगोंका आदि है, इसमें संशय नहीं है। समस्त रत्नोंमें सुवर्ण और उन्नोंमें जौ श्रेष्ठ है

vāyudeva uvāca | dvijavara! pakṣiṇāṃ bājaḥ, yajñeṣūttamāhutiḥ, samasta-reṅgacara-jīvānāṃ ca sarpaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ || kṛtam ādir yugānāṃ ca sarveṣāṃ nātra saṃśayaḥ | hiraṇyaṃ sarvaratnānām oṣadhīnāṃ yavās tathā ||

Vāyu-deva nói: “Hỡi bậc tối thượng trong hàng dvija! Trong loài chim, chim ưng là bậc đầu; trong các tế lễ, cúng phẩm tối thượng là lễ vật dâng vào lửa; và trong mọi loài bò sát, rắn là bậc trội vượt. Cũng vậy, Kṛta (Satya) Yuga là thời đại đầu tiên trong mọi yuga—không còn nghi ngờ. Trong mọi châu báu, vàng là bậc nhất; và trong các loại ngũ cốc cùng dược thảo, lúa mạch (yava) là bậc nhất.”

द्विजवरःbest of the twice-born (O best Brahmin)
द्विजवरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज-वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृतम्Kṛta (Satya) age
कृतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आदिःbeginning, first
आदिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआदि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युगानाम्of the ages
युगानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुग
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अत्रhere, in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिरण्यम्gold
हिरण्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहिरण्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्वरत्नानाम्of all gems
सर्वरत्नानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-रत्न
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
ओषधीनाम्of herbs/medicinal plants
ओषधीनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootओषधि
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
यवाःbarleys
यवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise, similarly
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
D
dvijavara (a brāhmaṇa addressee)
B
bāja (hawk/falcon)
U
uttamāhuti (supreme oblation)
S
sarpa (serpent)
K
Kṛta/Satya Yuga
H
hiraṇya (gold)
Y
yava (barley)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches a dharmic sense of ordered excellence: in every domain there are exemplars (best among birds, offerings, creatures, ages, gems, and grains). By recognizing such hierarchies, one aligns understanding with cosmic order (ṛta/dharma), especially affirming Kṛta/Satya Yuga as the primordial standard of righteousness.

Vāyudeva addresses a learned brāhmaṇa and delivers a compact, proverbial instruction. Rather than advancing action, the passage functions as a didactic catalogue of ‘foremost’ things, grounding the discussion in ritual values (yajña and āhuti) and cosmological time (the yugas).