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Shloka 4

Vāsudeva’s Upadeśa: The Inner Enemy and the Indra–Vṛtra Precedent (आत्मशत्रु-बोधः; इन्द्र-वृत्रोपाख्यानम्)

वायुदेव उवाच सर्व जिद्ठां मृत्युपदमार्जवं ब्रह्मण: पदम्‌ । एतावान्‌ ज्ञानविषय: कि प्रलाप: करिष्यति

vāyudeva uvāca—sarvaṁ jihvāṁ mṛtyu-padam ārjavaṁ brahmaṇaḥ padam | etāvān jñāna-viṣayaḥ; kiṁ pralāpaḥ kariṣyati ||

Vāyudeva nói: “Hãy hiểu cho rõ: mọi sự quanh co đều dẫn đến cõi chết, còn sự ngay thẳng là con đường đến Brahman. Chỉ bấy nhiêu thôi là phạm vi chân thật của tri kiến. Mọi lời nói trái với điều ấy chỉ là lời huyên thuyên—có thể ích gì cho ai?”

वायुदेवःVāyu-deva (the Wind-god)
वायुदेवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायुदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सर्वम्all; entirely
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जिह्वाम्tongue (speech)
जिह्वाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजिह्वा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
मृत्युपदम्the place/state of death
मृत्युपदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्युपद
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आर्जवम्straightforwardness; simplicity
आर्जवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआर्जव
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ब्रह्मणःof Brahman
ब्रह्मणः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
पदम्state; abode; goal
पदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपद
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एतावान्this much; so much
एतावान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएतावत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञानविषयःthe scope/object of knowledge
ज्ञानविषयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञानविषय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रलापःidle talk; prattle
प्रलापः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रलाप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
करिष्यतिwill do; will accomplish
करिष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormSimple Future, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyudeva/Vāyu)
ब्रह्म (Brahman)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches a sharp ethical-spiritual polarity: duplicity and crooked conduct lead toward death and ruin, while straightforward integrity (ārjava) is a means to attain Brahman. True knowledge is to grasp this clearly; speech that undermines it is dismissed as useless prattle.

Vāyudeva is speaking as a moral instructor, delivering a concise admonition that reframes ‘knowledge’ as practical ethical discernment—valuing sincerity and condemning deceit—rather than elaborate argumentation or clever talk.