Shloka 20

नारदेन धृतराष्ट्रगतिवर्णनम् | Nārada’s Account of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Future Course

Devanagari script

सर्वगश्नैव राजेन्द्र सर्व व्याप्प चराचरम्‌ | दृश्यते देवदेवै: स सिद्धेर्निर्मुक्तकल्मषै:

Transliteration

Vaiśampāyana uvāca |

Sarvagā hy eva rājendra sarvaṁ vyāpya carācaram |

Dṛśyate devadevaiḥ sa siddhair nirmuktakalmaṣaiḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Tâu Đại vương, Dharma quả thật vận hành khắp nơi; bao trùm toàn thể vũ trụ hữu động và vô động, nó hiện diện trong muôn loài. Nhưng Dharma chỉ được thấy biết chân thực bởi ‘chư thiên của chư thiên’ và các bậc thành tựu (siddha) đã gột sạch mọi cấu uế—chỉ những ai lìa tội mới trực chứng được lộ trình thấm khắp của Dharma.”

Word by Word

• सर्वगः: all-going, omnipresent
• सर्वगः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्वग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• राजेन्द्र: O king of kings
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजेन्द्र
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• सर्वम्: all, the whole
• सर्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• व्याप्य: having pervaded
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्याप्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)

• चराचरम्: the moving and the unmoving (all beings)
• चराचरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चराचर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• दृश्यते: is seen, is perceived
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Present (Lat), Atmanepada (passive sense), Third, Singular

• देवदेवैः: by the gods of gods (supreme deities)
• देवदेवैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवदेव
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सः: he/that (Dharma)
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सिद्धैः: by the perfected ones (siddhas)
• सिद्धैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• निर्मुक्तकल्मषैः: by those freed from sin/impurity
• निर्मुक्तकल्मषैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्मुक्तकल्मष
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• rājendra (the king addressed, i.e., Janamejaya)
• Dharma
• devadeva (highest gods)
• siddha (perfected beings)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Dharma is not merely a social rule but an all-pervading moral-cosmic principle; its true nature is directly apprehended only by those who are spiritually purified—free from the stains of wrongdoing and inner impurity.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana addresses the king (Janamejaya) and explains the pervasive presence of Dharma throughout all existence, emphasizing that only exalted divine beings and purified siddhas can fully perceive it.