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Shloka 20

Śāṃtanu’s Ideal Rule; Devavrata’s Return; The Satyavatī Marriage Condition and Bhīṣma’s Vow (आदि पर्व, अध्याय ९४)

एवंवृत्तो ह्वीनिषेवश्च॒ यस्मात्‌ तस्माच्छिबिरत्यगाद्‌ वै रथेन । राजा शिबि ऐसे सदाचारसम्पन्न और लज्जाशील हैं! (इनमें अभिमानकी मात्रा छू भी नहीं गयी है।) इसीलिये शिबि हम सबसे आगे बढ़ गये हैं। वैशम्पायन उवाच अथाष्टक: पुनरेवान्वपृच्छ- न्मातामहं कौतुकेनेन्द्रकल्पम्‌,वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--जनमेजय! तदनन्तर अष्टकने कौतूहलवश इन्द्रके तुल्य अपने नाना राजा ययातिसे पुनः प्रश्न किया

Vaiśampāyana uvāca: evaṁvṛtto hrīnīṣevaś ca yasmāt tasmāc chibir atyagād vai rathena | athāṣṭakaḥ punar evānvapṛcchan mātāmahaṁ kautukenendra-kalpam ||

Vaiśampāyana kể: “Bởi Śibi có hạnh ấy—sống trong khiêm cung và tự nhiên biết hổ thẹn—nên ngài đã vượt lên trước tất cả chúng ta, ngự trên chiến xa của mình. Rồi Aṣṭaka, vì lòng hiếu kỳ, lại hỏi tiếp người ông ngoại của mình là vua Yayāti, rực rỡ như Indra.”

एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
वृत्तःconducted/behaved (so), of such conduct
वृत्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्त (वृत् धातु, क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ह्री-निषेवःone who practices modesty/shame; modest
ह्री-निषेवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootह्री + निषेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यस्मात्from which; because of which
यस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore; from that (cause)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
शिबिरम्camp; encampment
शिबिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिबिर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अत्यगात्went beyond; passed; proceeded
अत्यगात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअति + गम्
FormAorist (simple past), 3rd, Singular
वैindeed, surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
रथेनby/with a chariot
रथेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Ś
Śibi
A
Aṣṭaka
Y
Yayāti
I
Indra
R
ratha (chariot)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights hrī (modesty/moral shame) and good conduct as royal virtues: Śibi’s lack of pride and disciplined propriety are presented as the ethical basis for his precedence and honour.

Vaiśampāyana explains why King Śibi moves ahead in a chariot—due to his exemplary modest conduct—then the scene shifts as Aṣṭaka, curious, resumes questioning his maternal grandfather King Yayāti, described as Indra-like.