Shloka 121

अध्याय ७४: अक्रोध–क्षमा–निवासनीति

Chapter 74: Non-anger, Forbearance, and the Ethics of Residence

Devanagari script

तां चैव भार्या दुष्यन्त: पूजयामास धर्मतः । अब्रवीच्चैव तां राजा सान्त्वपूर्वमिदं वच:,दुष्यन्तने अपनी पत्नी शकुन्तलाका भी धर्मपूर्वक आदर-सत्कार किया और उसे समझाते हुए कहा--

Transliteration

tāṃ caiva bhāryā duṣyantaḥ pūjayāmāsa dharmataḥ | abravīc caiva tāṃ rājā sāntvapūrvam idaṃ vacaḥ ||

Translation

Và Duṣyanta, tôn kính nàng như người vợ của mình, đã đãi ngộ nàng đúng theo dharma. Rồi nhà vua dùng lời lẽ ôn hòa mà nói với nàng như sau:

Word by Word

• ताम्: her
• ताम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• भार्याम्: wife
• भार्याम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्या
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• दुष्यन्तः: Dushyanta
• दुष्यन्तः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुष्यन्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पूजयामास: honoured/worshipped
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूज्
• Form: Perfect (Periphrastic), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• धर्मतः: according to dharma/righteously
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: धर्म

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• ताम्: to her/her
• ताम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सान्त्वपूर्वम्: preceded by consolation/with soothing (words)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सान्त्वपूर्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वचः: speech/words
• वचः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Duṣyanta
• Śakuntalā

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights dharmic conduct within marriage and kingship: even in tension or dispute, one should uphold respect and propriety (dharmataḥ) and speak with calming, conciliatory intent (sāntvapūrvam), rather than harshness.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana narrates that King Duṣyanta treats Śakuntalā as his wife with due honor and then begins to speak to her gently, introducing the next portion of dialogue.