Shloka 2

Duḥṣanta at Kaṇva-Āśrama; Śakuntalā’s Reception and Origin Prelude (दुःषन्तस्य कण्वाश्रमागमनम्)

Devanagari script

आदिश्य च स्वयं शक्र: सर्वानिव दिवौकस: । निर्जगाम पुनस्तस्मात्‌ क्षयान्नारायणस्य ह,तत्पश्चात्‌ सभी देवताओंको तदनुसार कार्य करनेके लिये आदेश देकर वे भगवान्‌ नारायणके निवासस्थान वैकुण्ठधामसे पुन: चले आये

Transliteration

ādiśya ca svayaṁ śakraḥ sarvān iva divaukasaḥ | nirjagāma punas tasmāt kṣayān nārāyaṇasya ha ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: Sau khi tự mình ban chỉ dụ, Śakra (Indra) truyền lệnh cho hết thảy chư thiên hãy hành động đúng như vậy; rồi ngài lại rời khỏi nơi cư ngụ của Nārāyaṇa. Đoạn văn nhấn mạnh sự trị vì có trật tự của thần giới—uy quyền được thi hành bằng mệnh lệnh minh bạch, và trách nhiệm chung được thể hiện qua sự tuân phục mà thực hành.

Word by Word

• आदिश्य: having commanded / after ordering
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ√दिश्
• Form: ल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययः), कर्तरि, true

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• स्वयम्: himself
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम्

• शक्रः: Śakra (Indra)
• शक्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• इव: as if / like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• दिवौकसः: the gods (heaven-dwellers)
• दिवौकसः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिवौकस्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• निर्जगाम: went out / departed
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि√गम्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• तस्मात्: from that (place)
• तस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• क्षयात्: from the abode / dwelling
• क्षयात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षय
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• नारायणस्य: of Nārāyaṇa
• नारायणस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारायण
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• ह: indeed / (emphatic particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह

Speaker

वैशमग्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Śakra (Indra)
• Divaukasaḥ (the gods/devas)
• Nārāyaṇa
• Nārāyaṇa's abode (Vaikuṇṭha implied by the edition gloss)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights disciplined cosmic administration: rightful authority gives clear directives, and the community (here, the gods) fulfills duties in coordinated obedience—an ethical model of responsibility and order.

What is happening in the narrative?

Indra (Śakra) instructs the assembled gods to carry out tasks and then departs from Nārāyaṇa’s dwelling, marking a transition from counsel/command to implementation.