Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 27

Jaradkāru Encounters the Pitṛs

Jaratkāru-Pitṛdarśana

अराजके जनपदे दोषा जायन्ति वै सदा | उद्वृत्तं सततं लोकं राजा दण्डेन शास्ति वै,जिस देशमें राजा न हो वहाँ अनेक प्रकारके दोष (चोर आदिके भय) पैदा होते हैं। धर्मकी मर्यादा त्यागकर उच्छुंखल बने हुए लोगोंको राजा अपने दण्डके द्वारा शिक्षा देता है

arājake janapade doṣā jāyante vai sadā | udvṛttaṁ satataṁ lokaṁ rājā daṇḍena śāsti vai ||

Śamīka nói: “Trong một xứ sở không có người cai trị, lỗi lầm và rối loạn tất yếu nảy sinh—như nỗi sợ trộm cướp và bao tai hại khác. Khi người đời vứt bỏ khuôn phép của dharma và trở nên phóng túng không ngừng, chính nhà vua dùng quyền trượng trừng phạt để kiềm chế và sửa trị họ.”

अराजकेin a kingless
अराजके:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअराजक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
जनपदेcountry/realm
जनपदे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजनपद
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दोषाःfaults/evils
दोषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जायन्तिarise/are born
जायन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
उद्वृत्तम्unruly/overturned (in order)
उद्वृत्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्वृत्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सततम्constantly
सततम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
लोकम्people/world
लोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दण्डेनby punishment/rod
दण्डेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शास्तिrules/controls/punishes
शास्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootशास्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै

शमीक उवाच

Ś
Śamīka
R
rājā (the king)
J
janapada (the realm/kingdom)
D
daṇḍa (punishment/royal chastisement)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that political authority is ethically necessary to uphold dharma in society: without a king, disorder naturally grows, and the ruler’s daṇḍa (punitive power) functions as a corrective force to restrain lawlessness and protect communal life.

Śamīka is articulating a principle of governance (rājadharma), explaining why a ruler is required: in a rulerless realm social evils arise, and the king maintains order by disciplining those who become unruly and disregard dharmic limits.