Shloka 20

Khāṇḍava-dāha: Strategic containment and Indra’s rain (Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 217)

Devanagari script

कुमारै: सर्वशो वीर: सत्कारेणाभिचोदित: । समानवयस: सर्वानिश्लिष्य स पुन: पुन:,यदुकुलके समस्त कुमारोंने भी वीरवर अर्जुनका बड़ा सत्कार किया। अर्जुन अपने समान अवस्थावाले सब लोगोंसे उन्हें बारंबार हृदयसे लगाकर मिले

Transliteration

kumaraiḥ sarvaśo vīraḥ satkāreṇābhicoditaḥ | samānavayasaḥ sarvān āśliṣya sa punaḥ punaḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: Được các vương tử trẻ tuổi kính cẩn tiếp đãi từ mọi phía, người anh hùng Arjuna nhiều lần ôm chầm lấy tất cả những người đồng trang lứa. Cảnh này nêu bật phép tắc của bậc quý tộc: được tôn kính thì đáp lại bằng khiêm nhường, và tình thân được khẳng định bằng sự ân cần bình đẳng, chứ không phải kiêu mạn.

Word by Word

• कुमारैः: by the princes/young men
• कुमारैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुमार
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सर्वशः: in every way; altogether
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वशस्

• वीरः: the hero (Arjuna)
• वीरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सत्कारेण: with honor/reception
• सत्कारेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्कार
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• अभिचोदितः: urged/impelled
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-चुद्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, passive (PPP)

• समानवयसम्: of the same age
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समान-वयस्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सर्वान्: all (of them)
• सर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• आनिश्लिष्य: having embraced closely
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-निश्-श्लिष्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), active

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• पुनः: again (repeatedly)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Arjuna
• kumāra (young princes/peers)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Noble conduct (dharma) in society is shown through reciprocal respect: when honored, one responds with humility and warmth, affirming equality among peers and strengthening bonds through courteous affection.

What is happening in the narrative?

The young princes receive Arjuna with great honor; in response, Arjuna repeatedly embraces all those of his own age, acknowledging their goodwill and reinforcing friendly relations.