Pāśupata-vrata Māhātmya: Dvādaśa-Liṅga Mahāvrata, Month-wise Dravya, and Pūjā-krama
कृष्णागरुसमुद्भूतं सर्वपापनिकृन्तनम् गुग्गुलुप्रभृतीनां चैव दीपानां च निवेदनम्
kṛṣṇāgarusamudbhūtaṃ sarvapāpanikṛntanam gugguluprabhṛtīnāṃ caiva dīpānāṃ ca nivedanam
Trong sự thờ phụng Śiva, nên dâng chất hương thơm sinh từ trầm hương đen kṛṣṇāgaru, có năng lực chặt đứt mọi tội lỗi; và cũng nên dâng các ngọn đèn (dīpa) được chuẩn bị bằng nhựa guggulu cùng những loại nhựa thơm tương tự.
Suta Goswami (narrating Shiva-puja vidhi to the sages of Naimisharanya)
It specifies key upacāras for Linga-pūjā—fragrant offerings (from kṛṣṇāgaru) and lamp-offerings (with guggulu etc.)—framing them as purifying acts that remove pāpa and support steady devotion to Pati (Śiva).
By stating that such offerings are “sin-cutting,” the verse implies Śiva as Pati—the supreme purifier and liberator—whose grace burns the pasha (bondage) of the paśu (individual soul) when worship is performed with proper reverence.
Dīpa-nivedana (lamp offering) and gandha-dhūpa type fragrant offerings are highlighted—external pūjā acts that aid inner Pāśupata discipline by cultivating purity, attentiveness, and one-pointed bhakti toward the Linga.