Shloka 50
अधोलोकवर्णनम् (Adholoka-varṇana) — Description of the Lower Worlds and Cosmographic Measures
Devanagari script
यत्रोद्यन्दृश्यते सूर्यस्तेषां स उदयः समृतः / प्रणाशं गच्छते यत्र तेषामस्तः स उच्यते
Transliteration
yatrodyandṛśyate sūryasteṣāṃ sa udayaḥ samṛtaḥ / praṇāśaṃ gacchate yatra teṣāmastaḥ sa ucyate
Translation
Nơi nào thấy Mặt Trời đang mọc, đối với họ đó gọi là “bình minh”. Nơi nào Ngài khuất mất, đối với họ đó gọi là “hoàng hôn”.
Word by Word
yatrawhere
yatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatra (अव्यय)
FormRelative adverb (सम्बन्धबोधक-अव्यय), ‘where’
udyatrising
udyat:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootud + i (इ धातु) → udyat (कृदन्त)
FormPresent active participle (वर्तमानकृदन्त/शतृ), Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular; qualifying ‘sūryaḥ’
dṛśyateis seen
dṛśyate:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (दृश् धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Passive voice (कर्मणि), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
sūryaḥthe sun
sūryaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
teṣāmof them
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Genitive (षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
saḥthat
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular
udayaḥrising, sunrise
udayaḥ:
Pradhāna-nāma (प्रधान/विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootudaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular
samṛtaḥis regarded (as)
samṛtaḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/Predicate (विधेय)
TypeVerb
Rootsam + √mṛ (मृ धातु) → samṛta (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (भूतकृदन्त/क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; used predicatively ‘is considered/called’
praṇāśamdestruction, disappearance
praṇāśam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpraṇāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular
gacchategoes, reaches
gacchate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (गम् धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
yatrawhere
yatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatra (अव्यय)
FormRelative adverb (सम्बन्धबोधक-अव्यय), ‘where’
teṣāmof them
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Genitive (षष्ठी), Plural
astaḥsetting, sunset
astaḥ:
Pradhāna-nāma (प्रधान/विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootasta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular
saḥthat
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
ucyateis called
ucyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (वच् धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Passive voice (कर्मणि), 3rd person, Singular