Shloka 19

अधोलोकवर्णनम् (Adholoka-varṇana) — Description of the Lower Worlds and Cosmographic Measures

Devanagari script

पर्यायपरिमाणेन मण्डलानुगतेन च / उपर्युपरि लोकानां छत्रवत्परिमण्डलम्

Transliteration

paryāyaparimāṇena maṇḍalānugatena ca / uparyupari lokānāṃ chatravatparimaṇḍalam

Translation

Theo lượng đo tuần tự và thuận theo mạn-đà-la, trên các thế giới chồng lên nhau là những vòng tròn bao phủ như chiếc lọng.

Word by Word

• paryāya-parimāṇena: by successive measure
• paryāya-parimāṇena: Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paryāya + parimāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), singular; tatpuruṣa: ‘by successive/alternate measure’

• maṇḍala-anugatena: by that which follows the circular course
• maṇḍala-anugatena: Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: maṇḍala + anugata (कृदन्त; √gam गम् with anu-)
• Form: Neuter, instrumental singular; tatpuruṣa: ‘following the circle’; anugata = past participle (क्त) used adjectivally

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• upari-upari: above and above / successively higher
• upari-upari: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; spatial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: upari (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण), reduplicated for distributive sense

• lokānām: of the worlds
• lokānām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, genitive (6th/षष्ठी), plural

• chatra-vat: like an umbrella
• chatra-vat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; comparison)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: chatra (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (तद्धित प्रत्यय)
• Form: Taddhita-based indeclinable (वत्), adverbial/comparative ‘like’

• parimaṇḍalam: circular/encircling
• parimaṇḍalam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parimaṇḍala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, nominative/accusative singular; used as predicate/descriptor