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Srimad Bhagavatam — Tritiya Skandha, Shloka 38

Sāṅkhya: Categories of the Absolute Truth and the Unfolding of Creation

Tattva-vicāra

Devanagari script

वायोश्च स्पर्शतन्मात्राद्रूपं दैवेरितादभूत् । समुत्थितं ततस्तेजश्चक्षू रूपोपलम्भनम् ॥ ३८ ॥

Transliteration

vāyoś ca sparśa-tanmātrād rūpaṁ daiveritād abhūt samutthitaṁ tatas tejaś cakṣū rūpopalambhanam

Translation

Do sự tương tác giữa gió và vi tế của xúc chạm, theo sự an bài của thiên định, các hình tướng khác nhau xuất hiện. Từ sự tiến hóa của các hình tướng ấy sinh ra lửa, và mắt nhận biết hình sắc cùng màu sắc.

Synonyms
वायोःfrom/of air
वायोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootवायु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
चand
च:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
स्पर्श-तन्मात्रात्from the subtle element of touch
स्पर्श-तन्मात्रात्:
Apādāna (अपादान; source)
TypeNoun
Rootस्पर्श (प्रातिपदिक) + तन्मात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5 विभक्ति), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष—‘स्पर्शस्य तन्मात्रम्’
रूपम्form; color
रूपम्:
Karta (कर्ता; subject of abhūt)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
दैव-ईरितात्from what is impelled by the divine
दैव-ईरितात्:
Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान; causal source)
TypeAdjective
Rootदैव (प्रातिपदिक) + ईरित (कृदन्त; √ईर्/√ईरय्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; तृतीया/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषभाव—‘दैवेन ईरितम्’ (impelled by the divine)
अभूत्arose; became
अभूत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formलुङ् (Aorist), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
समुत्थितम्arisen; sprung up
समुत्थितम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-उत्-स्थित (कृदन्त; √स्था धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘arisen’—रूपम् इति विशेषणम्
ततःthereupon; from that
ततः:
Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अपादान/क्रमसूचक-अर्थे (thereupon/from that)
तेजःfire; radiance (tejas)
तेजः:
Karta (कर्ता; implied—fire/tejas as product)
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
चक्षुःthe eye
चक्षुः:
Karta/Viśeṣya (कर्ता/विशेष्य; sense-organ)
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
रूप-उपलम्भनम्apprehension of form (vision)
रूप-उपलम्भनम्:
Viśeṣaṇa/Predicate (विशेषण/विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक) + उपलम्भन (प्रातिपदिक; √लभ् धातु-निष्पन्न)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष—‘रूपस्य उपलम्भनम्’
Purport

Because of destiny, the touch sensation, the interactions of air, and the situation of the mind, which is produced of the ethereal element, one receives a body according to his previous activities. Needless to say, a living entity transmigrates from one form to another. His form changes according to destiny and by the arrangement of a superior authority which controls the interaction of air and the mental situation. Form is the combination of different types of sense perception. Predestined activities are the plans of the mental situation and the interaction of air.

Characters & Entities
K
Kapila
D
Devahūti

FAQs

This verse explains that from air, through the subtle principle of touch, form (rūpa) manifests; from that manifestation, fire (tejas) arises along with the eye, the sense organ meant for perceiving form.

Kapila emphasizes that even the step-by-step evolution of elements and senses is not random—it proceeds under the direction of the Supreme Lord’s ordinance, showing God’s governance behind material nature.

Recognizing that the senses and their objects arise within a divinely governed system encourages mindful sense-control and devotional use of perception—seeing the world as ordered by the Lord rather than as mere accident.

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