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Shloka 40

Diti’s Untimely Desire and the Birth-Cause of the Asura Line

Prelude to Hiranyākṣa–Varāha

प्राणिनां हन्यमानानां दीनानामकृतागसाम् । स्त्रीणां निगृह्यमाणानां कोपितेषु महात्मसु ॥ ४० ॥

prāṇināṁ hanyamānānāṁ dīnānām akṛtāgasām strīṇāṁ nigṛhyamāṇānāṁ kopiteṣu mahātmasu

Chúng sẽ giết hại những sinh linh tội nghiệp, vô tội, tra tấn phụ nữ và chọc giận những linh hồn vĩ đại.

प्राणिनाम्of living beings
प्राणिनाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
हन्यमानानाम्of those being slain
हन्यमानानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive qualifier)
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकाले कर्मणि-प्रयोगे शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (Present passive participle), षष्ठी बहुवचन; ‘being killed’
दीनानाम्of the distressed
दीनानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootदीन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; विशेषण
अकृत-आगसाम्of the sinless (who have done no wrong)
अकृत-आगसाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअकृत (प्रातिपदिक) + आगस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; नञ्-तत्पुरुषः (‘अकृतं आगः’ = who have committed no sin)
स्त्रीणाम्of women
स्त्रीणाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
निगृह्यमाणानाम्of those being oppressed
निगृह्यमाणानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive qualifier)
TypeVerb
Rootनि + ग्रह् (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकाले कर्मणि-प्रयोगे शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (Present passive participle), षष्ठी बहुवचन; ‘being restrained/oppressed’
कोपितेषुwhen (they) are enraged
कोपितेषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative circumstance)
TypeVerb
Rootकुप् (धातु)
Formभूतकाले कर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (Past passive participle), सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन; ‘when (they) are angered’
महात्मसुin/among the great souls
महात्मसु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन

Demoniac activities are predominant when innocent, faultless living entities are killed, women are tortured, and the great souls engaged in Kṛṣṇa consciousness are enraged. In a demoniac society, innocent animals are killed to satisfy the tongue, and women are tortured by unnecessary sexual indulgence. Where there are women and meat, there must be liquor and sex indulgence. When these are prominent in society, by God’s grace one can expect a change in the social order by the Lord Himself or by His bona fide representative.

FAQs

This verse highlights that violence toward the innocent (akṛtāgas) is especially grievous and becomes disastrous when it provokes or invites the reaction connected with great souls.

Because when saintly persons are provoked, the resulting reaction can be severe; the verse frames this as particularly dangerous in situations of injustice—killing the innocent and oppressing the helpless.

Avoid cruelty and exploitation—especially toward the vulnerable—and cultivate humility and restraint so that one does not commit offenses that bring heavy karmic and social consequences.