Srimad Bhagavatam — Tritiya Skandha, Shloka 20

Brahmā’s Secondary Creation, Kāla (Eternal Time), and the Taxonomy of Species

Devanagari script

उत्स्रोतसस्तम:प्राया अन्त:स्पर्शा विशेषिण: ॥ २० ॥

Transliteration

utsrotasas tamaḥ-prāyā antaḥ-sparśā viśeṣiṇaḥ

Translation

Các cây cối và thực vật bất động này tìm sự sống hướng lên trên. Chúng hầu như vô thức, nhưng bên trong vẫn cảm nhận đau đớn do xúc chạm, và biểu hiện trong muôn vẻ sai khác.

Synonyms

• utsrotasaḥ: having upward-flowing channels
• utsrotasaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ut-srotas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; Bahuvrīhi: ‘ut-srotāṁsi yeṣām’ = those whose streams (of growth) go upward; qualifier of the plant categories

• tamaḥ-prāyāḥ: mostly tamasic
• tamaḥ-prāyāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tamas (प्रातिपदिक) + prāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; Tatpuruṣa: ‘tamaḥ prāyaḥ’ = mostly of darkness; qualifier

• antaḥ-sparśāḥ: having inner touch-sense
• antaḥ-sparśāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: antaḥ (अव्यय/उपसर्गवत्) + sparśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; Tatpuruṣa: ‘antaḥ sparśaḥ yeṣām’ = having internal sense of touch

• viśeṣiṇaḥ: distinctive/characterized
• viśeṣiṇaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: viśeṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; adjective meaning ‘distinct/characterized’

FAQs

What does the Srimad Bhagavatam say about tamas (darkness) in creation?

This verse notes that many living beings are predominantly influenced by tamas, which shapes their awareness and behavior according to their embodied nature.

Why is Śukadeva Gosvāmī describing different types of beings in Canto 3 Chapter 10?

He is outlining the divisions of creation (sarga) and how varied embodiments arise with different qualities and modes, as part of the Bhagavatam’s cosmological description.

Practical application of understanding tamasic tendencies in modern life?

Recognizing tamasic influence encourages one to cultivate clarity and devotion—choosing habits that increase sattva and support bhakti rather than inertia and ignorance.