Mantra 1

Sukta 59

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

उदु त्ये मधुमत्तमा गिर स्तोमास ईरते । सत्राजितो धनसा अक्षितोतयो वाजयन्तो रथा इव

IAST Transliteration

úd u tye mádhumattamā gíra stómāsa īrate | satrā́jito dhánasā ákṣitotayo vājáyanto ráthā iva

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Up, yea forth, are stirred these sweetest songs, these praises. Ever victorious, with wealth, with aids that fail not, they speed like chariots to the prize.

Translation

Những khúc ca ngọt lành nhất này, những lời tán tụng này được khơi dậy, vươn lên và tuôn ra phía trước. Luôn chiến thắng, mang theo của cải, với sự trợ giúp không hề cạn, chúng lao tới phần thưởng như những cỗ xe chiến mã.

Word by Word

• उदु: up, forth
• उदु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उद् (upasarga) + उ (avyaya-particle) → उदु

• त्ये: those (they)
• त्ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• मधुमत्तमाः: most honeyed / sweetest
• मधुमत्तमाः: Kartā (विशेषणम् of त्ये)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मधुमत् (adj.) + तमप् (superlative) → मधुमत्तम

• गिरः: songs, hymns
• गिरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिर् (स्त्री. prātipadika)

• स्तोमासः: praises, laudations
• स्तोमासः: Kartā (समुच्चितः with गिरः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोम (puṃ. prātipadika)

• ईरते: are set in motion / arise / are uttered
• ईरते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईर् (धातु; ‘to set in motion/raise/utter’)

• सत्राजितः: ever-victorious / winners in the session
• सत्राजितः: Kartā (विशेषणम् of वाजयन्तः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्राजित् (adj./n.; ‘winning in the satra’)

• धनसा: by wealth, with riches
• धनसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (n. prātipadika)

• अक्षितोतयः: whose aids are imperishable / unfailing helpers
• अक्षितोतयः: Kartā (विशेषणम् of वाजयन्तः)
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: अक्षि-त (PPP from √क्षि ‘to perish/decay’) + उतयः (pl. of उति ‘help/aid’) → अक्षि-त-उतयः

• वाजयन्तः: causing to win / urging on (for prize)
• वाजयन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: वाजय (causative stem from √वज्/√वाज् ‘to be strong/drive; make win’) → वाजयन्त्

• रथाः: chariots
• रथाः: Kartā (उपमान-आधारः in इव-उपमा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (puṃ. prātipadika)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (avyaya)

Attribution

Rishi: RV-source tradition (AV 20 compilation); r̥ṣi per underlying RV hymn.

Devata: Primarily Indra-context in the following verses; this opening functions as stoma-launch (devatā implicit).

Chandas: RV meter (likely Triṣṭubh); requires RV source collation.

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"Rising surge → swift advance → confident arrival at the prize.","listener_experience":"A felt lift in energy and certainty; sense of being carried forward by a powerful vehicle of words.","intensity":7}