Vamana Purana — Structure of Jambudvipa, Shloka 38
The Structure of Jambudvipa: Nine Varshas, Navadvipa Bharata, Mountains, Rivers, and Peoples
गान्धारा यवनाश्चैव सिन्धुसौवीरमद्रकाः शातद्रवा ललित्थाश्च पारावतसमूषकाः
gāndhārā yavanāścaiva sindhusauvīramadrakāḥ śātadravā lalitthāśca pārāvatasamūṣakāḥ
گاندھار اور یَون؛ سندھُو، سوویر اور مدرک؛ شاتدرَو، للِتّھ اور پاراوت-سموشک بھی (ذکر کیے گئے ہیں)۔
{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }
FAQs
By naming borderland and ‘foreign’ groups (e.g., Yavanas), the text normalizes a plural human world, implying that religious geography and dharma discourse are not confined to a single ethnic or political identity.
It functions as cosmographical/ethnographical enumeration, typically treated as supporting material within broader world-description passages rather than the core five marks in a strict sense.
The inclusion of well-known frontier ethnonyms (Gāndhāra, Yavana, Sindhu) symbolizes the Purāṇic ambition to map sacred order across the ‘known world,’ integrating peripheries into a single imagined civilizational cosmos.