Vamana Purana — Harihara Revelation, Shloka 13

Harihara Revelation and the Kurukshetra Tirtha Cycle: Sthanu in Vishnu and the Sanctification of Saptasarasvata

Devanagari script

हानिर्धर्मार्थकामनामपवर्गस्य हारणम् संभेदः संविदामेतत् त्रयोदशममुच्यते

Transliteration

hānirdharmārthakāmanāmapavargasya hāraṇam saṃbhedaḥ saṃvidāmetat trayodaśamamucyate

Translation

دھرم، ارتھ اور کام کا زیاں؛ اپورگ (موکش) سے محروم کرنا؛ اور معاہدات (سنوِدا) کو توڑنا یا الجھانا—یہ تیرھواں (عیب) کہلاتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• हानिः: loss
• हानिः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हानि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचनम्; nominative singular

• धर्मार्थकामनाम्: of dharma, artha, and kāma
• धर्मार्थकामनाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म + अर्थ + काम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचनम्; genitive plural; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (dharma, artha, kāma)

• अपवर्गस्य: of liberation
• अपवर्गस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपवर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचनम्; genitive singular

• हारणम्: removal/stealing away
• हारणम्: समानााधिकरण/विधेय (Predicate nominal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृ (धातु) + ल्युट्/अन (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; क्रियानाम (action noun) ‘taking away’

• संभेदः: division/discord
• संभेदः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संभेद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचनम्; nominative singular

• संविदाम्: of understandings/agreements
• संविदाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संविद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचनम्; genitive plural

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; pronoun

• त्रयोदशमम्: thirteenth
• त्रयोदशमम्: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रयोदशम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; ordinal adjective agreeing with ‘एतत्’

• उच्यते: is called/said
• उच्यते: क्रिया (Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारः (Present), कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive), प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्; ‘is said’

Speakers

• Not specified in the provided excerpt (didactic enumeration).

Key Themes

• Puruṣārtha framework (dharma-artha-kāma-mokṣa)
• Consequences of adharma
• Social trust and contracts (saṃvid)
• Liberation (apavarga) as a dharmic horizon

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

Why are dharma, artha, kāma, and apavarga mentioned together?

This verse uses the classical puruṣārtha scheme: dharma (ethical order), artha (means and stability), kāma (regulated enjoyment), and apavarga/mokṣa (final release). The teaching implies that a single deep fault can collapse all four aims—worldly flourishing and ultimate freedom alike.

What is meant by ‘saṃbhedaḥ saṃvidām’ (breach/confusion of agreements)?

It points to violating promises, contracts, and mutual understandings—actions that corrode social order. In Purāṇic dharma, truthfulness and fidelity to one’s word are pillars of ācāra; their rupture produces both practical disorder and karmic demerit.

How does ‘deprivation of apavarga’ function as a consequence?

Apavarga is not ‘taken away’ by an external agent; rather, one’s own conduct blocks the conditions for liberation—purity, truth, compassion, and right knowledge. The verse frames this as a predictable result of sustained adharma.