Vamana Purana — Vishnu's Sleep (Ashunya-Shayana), Shloka 41

The Caturmasya Observances and the Rite of Vishnu’s Sleep (Aśūnya-Śayana) and Shiva’s Monthly Vows

Devanagari script

समुद्गा दक्षिणा प्रोक्ता प्रीमनाय जगद्गुरोः वाच्यं नमस्ते देवेश त्र्यम्बकेति प्रकीर्तयेत्

Transliteration

samudgā dakṣiṇā proktā prīmanāya jagadguroḥ vācyaṃ namaste deveśa tryambaketi prakīrtayet

Translation

جگدگرو کو خوش کرنے کے لیے سَمُدگا (پٹاری/صندوقچہ) کو دَکشِنا کہا گیا ہے۔ ‘اے دیویش، تریَمبک! آپ کو نمسکار’—یہ کلمات پڑھنے چاہییں۔

Word by Word

• samudgā: casket/box (samudgā)
• samudgā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samudgā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• dakṣiṇā: fee/gift
• dakṣiṇā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dakṣiṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• proktā: is declared
• proktā: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु) (pra-√vac)
• Form: Kṛdanta: Past Passive Participle (क्त/PPP), Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; 'is said/declared'

• prīmaṇāya: for (his) pleasure
• prīmaṇāya: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prīmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Caturthī (Dative/4th), Ekavacana; purpose: 'for pleasing'

• jagat-guroḥ: of the teacher of the world
• jagat-guroḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagat (प्रातिपदिक) + guru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive/6th), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: 'jagataḥ guruḥ'

• vācyam: should be said
• vācyam: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: Gerundive (तव्य/अनीय), Napuṃsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; impersonal: 'is to be said'

• namaḥ: salutation
• namaḥ: Sambodhana/Prayojana (सम्बोधन/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya; salutation particle

• te: to you
• te: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (pronoun), Dative (Caturthī/4th) singular; enclitic form

• deva-īśa: O Lord of gods
• deva-īśa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + īśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana (Vocative), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: 'devānām īśaḥ'

• tryambaka: O Tryambaka
• tryambaka: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tri (प्रातिपदिक) + ambaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana (Vocative), Ekavacana; dvigu: 'trīṇi ambakāni yasya' (traditional epithet)

• iti: thus
• iti: Vākyaparisamāpti/Quote marker (इति-प्रयोग)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; quotative particle

• prakīrtayet: should recite/proclaim
• prakīrtayet: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√kīrt (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ (Imperative) / Vidhiliṅ-like injunctive usage, Prathama puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana, Parasmaipada; 'let him proclaim/recite'

Speakers

• Not specified in the provided excerpt (likely within the Pulastya–Nārada narrative frame typical of the Purāṇa)

Primary Deities

• Shiva

Key Themes

• Shaivism
• Bhakti
• Vrata/Rituals
• Mantra/Prayer
• Dāna (dakṣiṇā)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Devotion is expressed through both inner reverence (namaskāra and praise) and outer righteousness (dakṣiṇā/dāna). The verse frames giving and praise as complementary means of ‘pleasing’ the divine.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

This is not a sarga/pratisarga passage; it aligns best with ācāra/dharma material commonly embedded in Purāṇas, and can be cataloged under ancillary dharma-vrata instruction rather than the five primary lakṣaṇas.

What is the symbolic significance?

Calling Śiva ‘jagadguru’ and ‘Tryambaka’ emphasizes omniscience and oversight (the three eyes often read as past-present-future or sun-moon-fire), implying the rite is performed under the witness of cosmic consciousness.