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Shloka 19

Varṇa-adhikāra, Karma, and the Protection of One’s Attained Spiritual Status (वर्णाधिकारः कर्म च स्वस्थानरक्षणम्)

व्यास उवाच । संग्रामस्येह माहात्म्यं त्वयोक्तं मुनिसत्तम । एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं ब्रूहि त्वं वदतां वर

vyāsa uvāca | saṃgrāmasyeha māhātmyaṃ tvayoktaṃ munisattama | etadicchāmyahaṃ śrotuṃ brūhi tvaṃ vadatāṃ vara

ویاس نے کہا—اے بہترین رشی! آپ نے یہاں اس جنگ کی عظمت بیان کی ہے۔ میں اسے تفصیل سے سننا چاہتا ہوں؛ پس اے بہترین خطیب، مجھے بتائیے۔

vyāsaḥVyāsa
vyāsaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) — speaker/subject of uvāca
TypeNoun
Rootvyāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (लिट्/Perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada
saṃgrāmasyaof the battle
saṃgrāmasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — genitive with māhātmyam
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃgrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana
ihahere
iha:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) — locative sense 'here/in this context'
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; deictic adverb (देशवाचक)
māhātmyamgreatness/glory
māhātmyam:
Karma (कर्म) — thing spoken of
TypeNoun
Rootmāhātmya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; object of 'uktaṃ' (understood: 'has been told')
tvayāby you
tvayā:
Karta (कर्ता) — agent in passive with uktaṃ
TypeNoun
Rootyuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormTṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Ekavacana; pronoun
uktamtold/said
uktam:
Kriyā (क्रिया) — passive predicate
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु) + ukta (कृदन्त; क्त/PPP)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; past passive participle agreeing with māhātmyam
muni-sattamaO best of sages
muni-sattama:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक) + sattama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Sambodhana, Ekavacana; कर्मधारयः (sattamaḥ muniḥ = best sage)
etatthis
etat:
Karma (कर्म) — object of icchāmi/śrotum
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; demonstrative pronoun
icchāmiI desire
icchāmi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootiṣ (धातु; √iṣ/इष् 'to desire')
FormLaṭ-lakāra (Present), Uttama-puruṣa (1st), Ekavacana; parasmaipada
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता) — subject of icchāmi
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPrathamā, Ekavacana; pronoun
śrotumto hear
śrotum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन) — purpose ('to hear')
TypeVerb
Rootśru (धातु) + śrotum (कृदन्त; तुमुन्/infinitive)
FormAvyaya-kṛdanta (infinitive/तुमुनन्त), purpose complement of icchāmi
brūhitell (me)
brūhi:
Kriyā (क्रिया) — injunction
TypeVerb
Rootbrū (धातु; √brū/ब्रू 'to say')
FormLoṭ-lakāra (Imperative), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता) — subject of brūhi (explicit)
TypeNoun
Rootyuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPrathamā, Ekavacana; pronoun
vadatāmof speakers
vadatām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — genitive with vara
TypeNoun
Rootvad (धातु) + vadat (कृदन्त; शतृ/Present active participle)
FormPuṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (6th), Bahuvacana; genitive plural participle used substantively ('of those who speak')
varaO best
vara:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Sambodhana, Ekavacana

Vyasa

Tattva Level: pashu

V
Vyasa

FAQs

It highlights śravaṇa (reverent listening) as a purifying Shaiva practice: the seeker (Vyāsa) asks for the full mahātmya, indicating that sacred glory becomes spiritually effective when heard with sincerity.

Though the verse itself is a request, it sets up the narration of a sacred episode whose mahātmya typically culminates in devotion to Saguna Shiva and reverence for Shiva’s divine governance (pati) over events that bind and liberate beings.

Devotional śravaṇa: hearing Shiva Purana kathā with attention and faith—often paired in Shaiva tradition with japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) before or after the discourse.