HomeRamayanaSundara KandaSarga 1Shloka 167
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Shloka 167

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

चकार सुरसा वक्त्रं शतयोजनमायतम्तव सानुषु विश्रान्तः शेषं प्रक्रमतामिति।तद्दृष्ट्वा व्यादितं त्वास्यं वायुपुत्रः सुबुद्धिमान्।दीर्घजिह्वं सुरसया सुघोरं नरकोपमम्।।।।सुसंक्षिप्यात्मनः कायं बभूवाङ्गुष्ठमात्रकः।

cakāra surasā vaktraṃ śatayojanam āyatam tava sānuṣu viśrāntaḥ śeṣaṃ prakramatām iti | tad dṛṣṭvā vyāditaṃ tv āsyaṃ vāyuputraḥ subuddhimān | dīrghajihvaṃ surasayā sughoraṃ narakopamam | susaṃkṣipyātmanaḥ kāyaṃ babhūvāṅguṣṭhamātrakaḥ ||

سُرسا نے اپنا دہن سو یوجن تک پھیلا دیا اور کہا: “میرے ڈھلوانوں پر ذرا آرام کر کے پھر باقی راہ چل پڑنا۔” یہ دیکھ کر کہ اس کا منہ کھلا ہوا ہے—لمبی زبان والا، نہایت ہولناک اور دوزخ کے مانند—وایو پتر ہنومان، جو نہایت دانا تھے، فوراً اپنا جسم سمیٹ کر انگوٹھے کے برابر ہو گئے۔

cakāramade
cakāra:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
Formलिट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
surasāSurasā
surasā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsurasā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन
vaktrammouth
vaktram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvaktra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन
śata-yojanama hundred yojanas
śata-yojanam:
Visheshana (विशेषण/measure)
TypeNoun
Rootśata (संख्या) + yojana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः
āyatamextended
āyatam:
Karma (कर्म/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootāyata (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन
tavayour
tava:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-एकवचन (Genitive Singular)
sānuṣuon the slopes/ridges
sānuṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
TypeNoun
Rootsānu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-बहुवचन (Locative Plural)
viśrāntaḥrested
viśrāntaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/qualifier; implied ‘you’)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-śram (धातु) + kta (क्त)
Formक्तान्त, पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘rested’
śeṣamthe remainder
śeṣam:
Karma (कर्म/object of prakramatām)
TypeNoun
Rootśeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन
prakramatāmproceed (you all)
prakramatām:
Kriya (क्रिया/command)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-kram (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formquotative particle
tatthat
tat:
Karma (कर्म/object of dṛṣṭvā)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; ‘that’ (referring to mouth)
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वकर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive)
vyāditamopened wide
vyāditam:
Karma (कर्म/qualifier of āsyam)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-ā-dā (धातु) + kta (क्त)
Formक्तान्त, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; ‘opened wide’
tuthen/but
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formparticle
āsyammouth
āsyam:
Karma (कर्म/object of dṛṣṭvā)
TypeNoun
Rootāsya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन
vāyu-putraḥson of the Wind
vāyu-putraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvāyu (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (vāyoḥ putraḥ)
su-buddhimānvery intelligent
su-buddhimān:
Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + buddhimat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (good + intelligent)
dīrgha-jihvamlong-tongued
dīrgha-jihvam:
Karma (कर्म/qualifier of āsyam; understood)
TypeAdjective
Rootdīrgha (प्रातिपदिक) + jihvā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (long-tongued)
surasayāby Surasā
surasayā:
Karana (करण/instrument/agentive inst.)
TypeNoun
Rootsurasā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-एकवचन (Instrumental Singular)
su-ghoramvery dreadful
su-ghoram:
Karma (कर्म/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (अव्यय) + ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (very dreadful)
naraka-upamamhell-like
naraka-upamam:
Karma (कर्म/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक) + upama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; उपमान-तत्पुरुषः (naraka-iva upamam)
su-saṅkṣipyahaving greatly shrunk
su-saṅkṣipya:
Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वकर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootsu (अव्यय) + sam-kṣip (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
Formल्यबन्त (absolutive/gerund) ‘having well contracted’
ātmanaḥof himself
ātmanaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन (Genitive Singular)
kāyambody
kāyam:
Karma (कर्म/object of saṅkṣipya)
TypeNoun
Rootkāya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन
babhūvabecame
babhūva:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (धातु)
Formलिट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
aṅguṣṭha-mātrakaḥthumb-sized
aṅguṣṭha-mātrakaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootaṅguṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक) + mātraka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (aṅguṣṭhasya mātram = thumb-sized)

Intelligent Hanuman observing Surasa's enlarged mouth open and dreadful like hell with a long tongue, suddenly shrunk his body to the size of a thumb.

H
Hanumān
S
Surasā
V
Vāyu (as vāyuputra)

FAQs

Dharma is achieved through wisdom and restraint: Hanumān chooses a non-destructive, skillful solution—minimizing harm while fulfilling the condition of the test and continuing his righteous mission.

Surasā expands to an immense size and attempts to compel compliance; Hanumān counters not by force but by suddenly shrinking, preparing to enter and exit swiftly.

Practical intelligence (buddhi) joined to self-control: Hanumān’s ability to change size symbolizes mastery over self and circumstance.