Shloka 121

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

त्वं हि देववरिष्ठस्य मारुतस्य महात्मनः।पुत्रस्तस्यैव वेगेन सदृशः कपिकुञ्जर।।।।

Transliteration

tvaṃ hi deva-variṣṭhasya mārutasya mahātmanaḥ | putras tasyaiva vegena sadṛśaḥ kapikuñjara ||

Translation

اے کپیوں کے ہاتھی! تو واقعی دیوتاؤں میں برتر، عظیم آتما ماروت (وایو دیو) کا پتر ہے، اور تیری تیزی بھی اسی کے مانند ہے۔

Word by Word

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun); द्वितीय-पुरुष (2nd person); प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle); अवधान/हेतु-भाव (indeed/for)

• देववरिष्ठस्य: of the best among the gods
• देववरिष्ठस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: देव + वरिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक); देववरिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (Genitive determinative); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• मारुतस्य: of Maruta (Wind-god)
• मारुतस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• महात्मनः: of the great-souled
• महात्मनः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• पुत्रः: son
• पुत्रः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle); अवधारण (emphasis: just/only)

• वेगेन: by speed
• वेगेन: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• सदृशः: similar
• सदृशः: Pradhana (प्रधान/Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• कपिकुञ्जर: O foremost of monkeys
• कपिकुञ्जर: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपि + कुञ्जर (प्रातिपदिक); कपिकुञ्जर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (appositional: 'monkey-elephant' = foremost monkey); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

Context

"O foremost among the vanaras! you are the son of the high-souled Wind-god's, pre-eminent among the gods, you are also equal to him in speed.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Māruta (Wind-god)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Respect for noble lineage and virtues: recognising a person’s dharmic potential through their qualities and origin.

What is the narrative situation?

Maināka continues praising Hanumān, linking his extraordinary speed to his divine parentage.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s god-like speed and greatness, presented as innate yet directed toward duty.