Shloka 5

सम्पातिवाक्यम्

Sampāti’s Counsel and the Revelation of Laṅkā

Devanagari script

आवृत्त्याऽकाशमार्गे तु जवेन स्म गतौ भृशम्।मध्यं प्राप्ते दिनकरे जटायुरवसीदति।।4.58.5।।

Transliteration

āvṛtyākāśa-mārge tu javena sma gatau bhṛśam |

madhyaṁ prāpte dinakare jaṭāyur avasīdati ||

Translation

ہم آکاش کے راستے میں نہایت تیز رفتاری سے گردش کرتے ہوئے گئے؛ اور جب دنکر (سورج) کے عین وسطِ آسمان پر پہنچے تو جٹایو کمزور پڑنے لگا۔

Word by Word

• āvṛttyā: by circling/turning back
• āvṛttyā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āvṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tṛtīyā (3rd), Ekavacana, Strīliṅga; instrumental of manner ('by circling/turning')

• ākāśa-mārge: in the sky-path
• ākāśa-mārge: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ākāśa (प्रातिपदिक) + mārga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana, Puṃliṅga; tatpuruṣa 'path of the sky'

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Nipāta (particle)

• javena: with speed
• javena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: java (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tṛtīyā (3rd), Ekavacana, Puṃliṅga; instrumental of manner

• sma: indeed/then (past marker)
• sma: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sma (अव्यय)
• Form: Smā-avyaya (particle indicating past narration)

• gatau: (we) two went
• gatau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gata (कृदन्त/धातु √gam)
• Form: Prathamā (1st), Dvivacana, Puṃliṅga; past participle used predicatively with implied 'āsva'/'stha' = 'we two went'

• bhṛśam: violently/exceedingly
• bhṛśam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bhṛśam (अव्यय)
• Form: Manner adverb (rīti-avyaya)

• madhyam: the middle
• madhyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: madhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana, Napuṃsakaliṅga; object with prāpte (having reached the middle)

• prāpte: when (it/they) reached
• prāpte: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prāpta (कृदन्त/धातु √āp with pra-)
• Form: Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana, Puṃliṅga; locative absolute with dinakare: 'when the sun was at mid (sky)' / 'when (we) reached the middle' (contextual)

• dinakare: when the Sun
• dinakare: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dinakara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana, Puṃliṅga; 'in/when the sun' (locative absolute partner)

• jaṭāyuḥ: Jatayu
• jaṭāyuḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jaṭāyu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana, Puṃliṅga

• avasīdati: became weak/sank down
• avasīdati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ava-√sad (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (present), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada

Context

'Seeing my brother tormented due to the Sun's radiance I was overwhelmed withgrief. Out of love I covered him with both my wings.

Characters & Entities

• Sampāti
• Jatāyu

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Recognizing human (and creaturely) limits is part of Dharma; overreaching through pride leads to harm.

What is the narrative situation?

Sampāti describes the moment when Jatāyu, overwhelmed by the Sun’s intensity, started losing strength mid-flight.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Awareness and concern—this sets up Sampāti’s protective action toward his brother.