Shloka 19

अङ्गद

उपदेशः — Hanuman’s Counsel to Angada on Succession and Strategy

Devanagari script

न च जातु न हिंस्युस्त्वां घोरा लक्ष्मणसायकाः ।अपवृत्तं जिघांसन्तो महावेगा दुरासदाः ।। ।।

Transliteration

na ca jātu na hiṃsyus tvāṃ ghorā lakṣmaṇa-sāyakāḥ |

apavṛttaṃ jighāṃsanto mahāvegā durāsadāḥ || 4.54.19 ||

Translation

اور ہرگز ایسا نہ ہوگا کہ لکشمن کے ہولناک تیر تمہیں نہ لگیں؛ وہ عظیم رفتار اور ناقابلِ مدافعت ہیں، اور اگر تم پیٹھ پھیر کر بھاگو تو بھگوڑے کو قتل کرنے کے ارادے سے تمہیں جا لیں گے۔

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• jātu: ever
• jātu: Kāla (काल/temporal adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: jātu (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time) — 'ever/at any time'

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)

• hiṃsyuḥ: would harm
• hiṃsyuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √hiṃs (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/Potential), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद — 'would harm'

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• ghorāḥ: terrible
• ghorāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — विशेषणम्

• lakṣmaṇa-sāyakāḥ: Lakshmana's arrows
• lakṣmaṇa-sāyakāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + sāyaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — तत्पुरुषः: lakṣmaṇasya sāyakāḥ (Lakshmana's arrows)

• apavṛttam: one who has turned away (fleeing)
• apavṛttam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: apavṛtta (कृदन्त, क्त from apa√vṛt)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; 'one who has turned away/fled'

• jighāṃsantaḥ: desiring to kill
• jighāṃsantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Agent; participial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √han (धातु)
• Form: सन्नन्त (desiderative) धातु jighāṃs- (< han) + शतृ (present participle); प्रथमा (Nom), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — 'wishing to kill'

• mahāvegāḥ: of great speed
• mahāvegāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + vega (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — कर्मधारयः: mahān vegaḥ yeṣām (of great speed)

• durāsadāḥ: hard to resist/assail
• durāsadāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dur (उपसर्ग/प्रातिपदिक) + āsada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — तत्पुरुषः: duḥ + āsada (hard to approach/assail)

Context

In Progress

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• sāyaka (arrows)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma stresses accountability: abandoning one’s pledged duty (apavṛtti) invites grave consequences; steadfastness and truth to one’s commitment are upheld.

What is the narrative situation?

The counsellor heightens the deterrent: if Aṅgada attempts to withdraw/defect, Lakṣmaṇa’s force will be inescapable.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadfastness—remaining aligned with rightful duty rather than turning away out of fear or convenience.