Shloka 11

उद्योगप्रवर्तनम्

Mobilization and Counsel on Kingship

Devanagari script

इत्युक्त्वा काञ्चनं यानं सुग्रीवस्सूर्यसन्निभम्।।4.38.11।।बृहद्भिर्हरिभिर्युक्तमारुरोह सलक्ष्मणः।

Transliteration

ity uktvā kāñcanaṃ yānaṃ sugrīvaḥ sūryasannibham |

bṛhadbhir haribhir yuktam ārurōha sa-lakṣmaṇaḥ || 4.38.11 ||

Translation

یوں کہہ کر، سورج کی مانند تاباں سوگریو نے سونے کی سواری پر—جو قوی وانروں نے اٹھا رکھی تھی—لکشمن کے ساتھ سوار ہو گیا۔

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (quotative particle), "thus"

• uktvā: having spoken
• uktvā: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive), "having said"

• kāñcanam: golden
• kāñcanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāñcana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; adjective qualifying yānam

• yānam: vehicle
• yānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन

• sugrīvaḥ: Sugriva
• sugrīvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

• sūrya-sannibham: like the sun
• sūrya-sannibham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sūrya (प्रातिपदिक) + sannibha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष समास (उपमान-निर्देश: "सूर्यस्य सदृशम्"), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; adjective qualifying yānam

• bṛhadbhiḥ: by the mighty/large
• bṛhadbhiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bṛhat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन; adjective qualifying haribhiḥ

• haribhiḥ: by the monkeys
• haribhiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन

• yuktam: yoked/attached
• yuktam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yuj (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifying yānam: "yoked/attached"

• ārurōha: mounted/ascended
• ārurōha: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-ruh (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• sa-lakṣmaṇaḥ: together with Lakshmana
• sa-lakṣmaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (सह/सम्-भाव) + lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि समास: "लक्ष्मणेन सह" (= accompanied by Lakshmana); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; qualifying sugrīvaḥ

Context

With this Sugriva, shining like the Sun-god, entered along with Lakshmana the golden palanquin carried by able-bodied monkeys.

Characters & Entities

• Sugriva
• Lakshmana
• vānaras (haris)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as purposeful action: royal splendor is not mere display here; it supports coordinated movement toward fulfilling a promise to aid Rama.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugriva and Lakshmana set out together in a golden conveyance carried by strong vānaras.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugriva’s commitment to the alliance—he accompanies Lakshmana, signaling responsibility rather than delegating everything.