Shloka 10

हनूमत्संवादः / Hanuman’s Diplomatic Approach to Rama and Lakshmana

Devanagari script

सिंहविप्रेक्षितौ वीरौ महाबलविक्रमौ।शक्रचापनिभे चापे गृहीत्वा शत्रुसूदनौ4.3.9।।श्रीमन्तौ रूपसम्पन्नौ वृषभश्रेष्ठविक्रमौ।हस्तिहस्तोपमभुजौ द्युतिमन्तौ नरर्षभौ4.3.10।।

Transliteration

śrīmantau rūpasampannau vṛṣabhaśreṣṭha-vikramau |

hastihastopama-bhujau dyutimantau nararṣabhau || 4.3.10 ||

Translation

تم دونوں جلال و شان والے، حسن و صورت میں کامل، اور بہترین سانڈ کی مانند پرشکوہ و بہادر ہو؛ تمہارے بازو ہاتھی کی سونڈ جیسے ہیں، تم نورانی اور قوی ہو—سچ مچ انسانوں میں برگزیدہ ہو۔

Word by Word

• śrīmantau: splendid, illustrious (two)
• śrīmantau: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śrīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/प्रथमा), Dvivacana (Dual/द्विवचन)

• rūpa-sampannau: endowed with beauty, handsome (two)
• rūpa-sampannau: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rūpa (प्रातिपदिक) + sampanna (कृदन्त; √pad (धातु) with सम्-, past participle)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa samāsa (तत्पुरुष): rūpeṇa sampannau / rūpasampannau; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Dvivacana

• vṛṣabha-śreṣṭha-vikramau: having the valour of the best bull (two)
• vṛṣabha-śreṣṭha-vikramau: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक) + śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक) + vikrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa samāsa (तत्पुरुष): vṛṣabhaśreṣṭhasya vikramaḥ (valour of the best bull); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Dvivacana

• hasti-hasta-upama-bhujau: with arms like elephant-trunks (two)
• hasti-hasta-upama-bhujau: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hasti (प्रातिपदिक) + hasta (प्रातिपदिक) + upama (प्रातिपदिक) + bhuja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa samāsa (तत्पुरुष): hastihastasya upamā yasyau bhujau (arms comparable to elephant-trunks); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Dvivacana

• dyutimantau: radiant, brilliant (two)
• dyutimantau: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dyutimat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Dvivacana

• nara-ṛṣabhau: the two best of men
• nara-ṛṣabhau: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक) + ṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa samāsa (तत्पुरुष): nareṣu ṛṣabhau (best among men); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Dvivacana

Context

'Having the gaze of a lion, both of you are heroic in your stance. As each of you hold a bow resembling the rainbow, you seem to be mighty warriors eager to annihilate the enemies. With the valour of superior bulls and your shoulders resembling elephant's trunks, you look magnificent, handsome and brilliant. (No doubt,) you are the best among the humans.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in speech: honoring worthy persons with truthful, respectful description (satya + māryādā) establishes trust and sets a righteous tone for alliance.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān, sent by Sugrīva, meets the two princes and begins conversation by observing their noble qualities.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s discernment and courteous diplomacy—he recognizes excellence and speaks in a manner that invites confidence.