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Shloka 3

किष्किन्धायां सुग्रीवस्य नादः

Sugriva’s War-Cry at Kishkindha

ततस्स निनदं घोरं कृत्वा युद्धाय चाह्वयत्।परिवारैः परिवृतो नादैर्भिन्दन्निवाम्बरम्4.14.3।।गर्जन्निव महामेघो वायुवेगपुरस्सरः।

tatas sa ninadaṁ ghoraṁ kṛtvā yuddhāya cāhvayat |

parivāraiḥ parivṛto nādair bhindann ivāmbaram || 4.14.3 ||

garjann iva mahāmegho vāyuvegapurassaraḥ |

پھر وہ اپنے ساتھیوں سے گھرا ہوا، ایک ہولناک گرج دار نعرہ لگا کر جنگ کے لیے للکارا؛ اس کی آوازیں گویا آسمان کو چیر رہی تھیں—جیسے عظیم بادل گرجتا ہوا، ہوا کی تیزی کے ساتھ آگے بڑھتا ہے۔

tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya, adverb: "then"
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; pronoun referring to Sugrīva
ninadamroar/sound
ninadam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootninada (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ghoramterrible
ghoram:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootghora (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular; qualifying ninadam
kṛtvāhaving made
kṛtvā:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (कृ धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त): "having made/uttered"
yuddhāyafor battle
yuddhāya:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootyuddha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; purpose dative
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
āhvayatchallenged
āhvayat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā + √hve (ह्वे धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada: "called/challenged"
parivāraiḥwith companions
parivāraiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootparivāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
parivṛtaḥsurrounded
parivṛtaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpari + √vṛt (वृत् धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/कृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; predicative: "surrounded"
nādaiḥwith roars/sounds
nādaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnāda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
bhindanpiercing
bhindan:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhid (भिद् धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ/कृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; "piercing/splitting"
ivaas if/like
iva:
Upamā (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, particle of comparison
ambaramthe sky
ambaram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootambara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
garjanroaring
garjan:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√garj (गर्ज् धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; "roaring"
ivalike
iva:
Upamā (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, comparison
mahā-meghaḥa huge cloud
mahā-meghaḥ:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + megha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; Karmadhāraya: "great cloud" (upamāna)
vāyu-vega-purassaraḥmoving with the speed of the wind
vāyu-vega-purassaraḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootvāyu (प्रातिपदिक) + vega (प्रातिपदिक) + purassara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; Tatpuruṣa: "having the speed of wind in front/leading" = moving with wind-speed; qualifying saḥ

'Proud of their own prowess, heroes will not brook the challenge of foes in battle, specially in the presence of women.'

S
Sugriva
S
sky (ambara)

FAQs

The verse frames a direct challenge as a public assertion of resolve; in dharmic conflict, confrontation is to be open and accountable (not hidden or deceitful), aligning force with declared intent.

Sugriva, supported by his followers, issues a battle-challenge at Kishkindha, signaling the imminent duel with Vali.

Courage and leadership—Sugriva acts publicly, rallying companions and taking responsibility for the challenge.