Shloka 123

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

त्यज्यतां कामवृत्तत्वं शोकं सन्न्यस्य पृष्ठतः।महात्मानं कृतात्मानमात्मानं नावबुध्यसे।।।।

Transliteration

tyajyatāṃ kāmavṛttatvaṃ śokaṃ sannyasya pṛṣṭhataḥ | mahātmānaṃ kṛtātmānam ātmānaṃ nāvabudhyase ||

Translation

خواہشوں کے تابع بے قراری کو چھوڑ دو، اور غم کو پیچھے ڈال دو۔ تم اپنے ہی نفس کو—جو عظیم ہمت اور کمال یافتہ ہے—جیسا وہ حقیقت میں ہے، پہچانتے نہیں۔

Word by Word

• त्यज्यतां: let be given up
• त्यज्यतां: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; कर्मणि (passive): 'let it be abandoned'

• कामवृत्तत्वम्: impulsive desire-driven nature
• कामवृत्तत्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम + वृत्त + त्व (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'state of being driven by desire/impulsive conduct'

• शोकम्: grief
• शोकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• सन्न्यस्य: having cast aside
• सन्न्यस्य: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + नि + अस्/न्यस् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund); 'having laid aside/renounced'

• पृष्ठतः: behind
• पृष्ठतः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverbial), तसिल्-प्रत्यय: 'from/at the back'

• महात्मानम्: great-souled (self)
• महात्मानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: महा + आत्मा

• कृतात्मानम्: self-controlled/accomplished
• कृतात्मानम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; 'disciplined/accomplished self' as epithet of 'आत्मानम्'

• आत्मानम्: your own self
• आत्मानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; reflexive sense 'yourself'

• न: not
• न: Sambandha/Avyaya (अव्यय-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle)

• अवबुध्यसे: you understand/recognize
• अवबुध्यसे: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव + बुध् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Context

'Bardon grief. Give up emotion. You are a great soul. You are not aware of your great accomplishments. (The temporary sorrow has relegated Rama's nobility to the background. Lakshmana is trying to restore the same)'.

Characters & Entities

• Lakshmana
• Rama

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is self-governance: grief and impulse must not eclipse one’s righteous clarity. A leader’s duty is to act from steadiness and discernment rather than being driven by emotion.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakshmana admonishes Rama, who is overwhelmed by sorrow, urging him to set grief aside and remember his own noble, self-mastered nature.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s inner greatness (mahātman) and self-mastery (kṛtātman), and the ideal of regaining composure to uphold dharma.