Shloka 3

Devanagari script

अथास्य जज्ञिरे पुत्रास्सत्यधर्मपरायणा:।हविष्यन्दो मधुष्यन्दो दृढनेत्रो महारथ:।।1.57.3।।

Transliteration

athāsya jajñire putrāḥ satyadharmaparāyaṇāḥ |

haviṣyando madhuṣyando dṛḍhanetro mahārathaḥ || 1.57.3 ||

Translation

پھر اس کے ہاں بیٹے پیدا ہوئے جو ستیہ اور دھرم کے پرستار تھے: ہَوِشیَند، مَدھو شیَند، دِڑھ نیتْر اور مہا رَتھ۔

Word by Word

• phala-mūla-āśanaḥ: one who eats fruits and roots
• phala-mūla-āśanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: phala (प्रातिपदिक) + mūla (प्रातिपदिक) + āśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (phala-mūlaṃ āśanam yasya); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of viśvāmitraḥ)

• dāntaḥ: self-restrained
• dāntaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dānta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषणम् (self-controlled)

• cakāra: performed
• cakāra: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• su-mahat: very great
• su-mahat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc sg), विशेषणम् (intensified by 'su')

• tapaḥ: austerity
• tapaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tapas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc sg)

Context

After some time, four sons, Havishyanda, Madhushyanda, Drudhanetra and Maharatha, who (later) wer wedded to truth and duty, were born."

Characters & Entities

• Viśvāmitra
• Mahāratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse idealizes dharmic continuity: descendants are praised not for power but for commitment to satya and dharma.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration briefly notes Viśvāmitra’s progeny and their moral disposition.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truthfulness and duty as inherited and cultivated virtues within a lineage.