Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 16, Shloka 16

पायसप्रादुर्भावः

The Manifestation of the Divine Payasa and the Avatara Resolution

Devanagari script

समवेक्ष्याब्रवीद्वाक्यमिदं दशरथं नृपम्।प्राजापत्यं नरं विद्धि मामिहाभ्यागतं नृप।।।।

Transliteration

samavekṣyābravīdvākyam idaṃ daśarathaṃ nṛpam |

prājāpatyaṃ naraṃ viddhi mām ihābhyāgataṃ nṛpa || 1.16.16 ||

Translation

دشرتھ نریش کو دیکھ کر اُس نے یہ کلام کہا: اے راجا! مجھے پرجاپتی کی طرف سے بھیجا ہوا مرد جان، جو یہاں حاضر ہوا ہے۔

Word by Word

• samavekṣya: having observed
• samavekṣya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ava-√īkṣ (ईक्ष् धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त), avyaya-kriyā (अव्ययक्रिया); 'having looked at/observed'

• abravīt: said/spoke
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया); Karta implied = the divine being
• Type: Verb
• Root: √brū (ब्रू धातु)
• Form: Laṅ-lakāra (लङ्, past), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• vākyam: words, statement
• vākyam: Karma (कर्म) of abravīt
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsakaliṅga (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• idam: this
• idam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of vākyam
• Type: Adjective
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsakaliṅga (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally with vākyam

• daśaratham: Daśaratha
• daśaratham: Karma (कर्म) of samavekṣya (object seen)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśaratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• nṛpam: the king
• nṛpam: Karma (कर्म) in apposition
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); apposition to daśaratham

• prājāpatyam: belonging to Prajāpati
• prājāpatyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of naram
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prājāpatya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); adjective of naram

• naram: a person/being
• naram: Karma (कर्म) of viddhi (understand/know as)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• viddhi: know/understand
• viddhi: Kriyā (क्रिया); addressed to Daśaratha
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vid (विद् धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (लोट्, imperative), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd person/मध्यमपुरुष), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म) of viddhi (object to be recognized)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (अस्मद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); pronoun

• iha: here
• iha: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) / adverbial location
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: Deśa-vācaka avyaya (देशवाचक-अव्यय)

• abhyāgatam: come/arrived
• abhyāgatam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of mām
• Type: Adjective
• Root: abhi-ā-√gam (गम् धातु)
• Form: Kta-participle (क्त), Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); agrees with mām (understood as 'me who has come')

• nṛpa: O king
• nṛpa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Sambodhana (vocative/सम्बोधन), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

Context

Having seen king Dasaratha, he said, "O King! you know I have been sent by Prjapati (Brahma), and I am here".

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Prajāpati (Brahmā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya and dharma appear as transparency of authority: the emissary openly states his source (Prajāpati), establishing that the forthcoming gift/action is legitimate and aligned with cosmic order rather than personal whim.

What is the narrative situation?

The divine emissary directly addresses Daśaratha for the first time, identifying himself and his mission.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truthfulness (satya) and proper authorization: rightful actions are rooted in declared, accountable sources of authority.