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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 59, Shloka 38

एकोनषष्ठितमः सर्गः (Sarga 59): सुमन्त्रवाक्यं, अयोध्याविषादः, दाशरथिशोकसागरः

इति विलपति पार्थिवे प्रणष्टे करुणतरं द्विगुणं च रामहेतोः।वचनमनुनिशम्य तस्य देवी भयमगमत्पुनरेव राममाता।।2.59.38।।

iti vilapati pārthive praṇaṣṭe karuṇataraṁ dviguṇaṁ ca rāmahetoḥ | vacanam anuniśamya tasya devī bhayam agamat punar eva rāmamātā || 2.59.38 ||

جب بادشاہ نوحہ کرتے کرتے بےہوش ہو گیا—رام کے سبب اس کا غم اور بھی دردناک اور دوچند ہو گیا—تو رام کی ماں، ملکہ، اس کی باتیں سن کر پھر سے خوف میں مبتلا ہو گئی۔

itithus
iti:
Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति)
vilapati(he) laments
vilapati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi + lap (धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्, Present), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa, Singular
pārthivewhen the king
pārthive:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) / Saptamī-absolute frame
TypeNoun
Rootpārthiva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPumlinga, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular; locative absolute with praṇaṣṭe
praṇaṣṭehaving lost consciousness / perished (in senses)
praṇaṣṭe:
Avasthā (अवस्था)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra + naś (धातु) + kta (क्त) → praṇaṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Pumlinga, Locative singular; with pārthive forming locative absolute (सप्तमी-सम्बन्ध)
karuṇatarammore piteously
karuṇataram:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkaruṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; comparative degree (तर) used adverbially to qualify vilapati
dviguṇamtwofold, doubly
dviguṇam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvi-guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormCompound: dvi + guṇa; Napumsaka, Accusative singular; used adverbially
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)
rāmahetoḥfor Rama's sake / because of Rama
rāmahetoḥ:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक) + hetu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa: rāmasya hetuḥ; Pumlinga, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular
vacanamwords/speech
vacanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvacana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular
anuniśamyahaving heard attentively
anuniśamya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootanu + ni + śam (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वार्थे ल्यप्), indeclinable verbal form; prior action
tasyaof him / his
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular
devīthe queen
devī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdevī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīlinga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular
bhayamfear
bhayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular
agamatwent to / was seized by
agamat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु)
FormLuṅ (लुङ्, Aorist), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa, Singular
punaragain
punar:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunar (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (पुनरावृत्तिवाचक)
evaindeed
eva:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (अवधारण)
rāmamātāRama's mother
rāmamātā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक) + mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa: rāmasya mātā; Strīlinga, Nominative singular

There along with Guha I waited for (three) days that Rama might call me back.

D
Daśaratha
R
Rāma
K
Kauśalyā (Rāma’s mother)

FAQs

The verse reflects dharma’s relational dimension: when righteous order is disturbed, suffering spreads through the family; compassion and responsibility for others’ wellbeing are central to dharma, not merely formal adherence to vows.

Daśaratha faints after lamenting; Kauśalyā, hearing and seeing his condition, becomes fearful again—anticipating further calamity.

Kauśalyā’s sensitivity and concern are emphasized—her immediate fear arises from care for both Daśaratha and Rāma amid unfolding tragedy.