Shloka 5

अरण्यकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Maricha’s Mimic Cry and the Rama–Lakshmana–Sita Confrontation

Devanagari script

एवमुक्तन्तु सौमित्रिर्लक्ष्मणश्शुभलक्षणः।भूयो दुःखसमाविष्टो दुःखितं राममब्रवीत्।।।।

Transliteration

evam uktaṃ tu saumitriḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ śubha-lakṣaṇaḥ |

bhūyo duḥkha-samāviṣṭo duḥkhitaṃ rāmam abravīt ||

Translation

یوں مخاطب کیے جانے پر سومِتری لکشمن—نیک نشان و نیک خصلت—اور بھی زیادہ غم میں ڈوب گیا، اور غم زدہ رام سے عرض کرنے لگا۔

Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय)

• uktaḥ: addressed/spoken (to)
• uktaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; 'having been spoken to'

• tu: but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), contrastive

• saumitriḥ: Saumitri (Lakshmana)
• saumitriḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saumitri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; patronymic of Lakṣmaṇa

• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Lakshmana
• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; apposition to saumitriḥ

• śubha-lakṣaṇaḥ: of auspicious marks
• śubha-lakṣaṇaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śubha (प्रातिपदिक) + lakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; कर्मधारय: 'śubhaṃ lakṣaṇam yasya/śubha-lakṣaṇaḥ' qualifying lakṣmaṇaḥ

• bhūyaḥ: again/further
• bhūyaḥ: Kāla/Prakāra (काल/प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bhūyas (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (पुनरर्थक-अव्यय)

• duḥkha-samāviṣṭaḥ: overwhelmed by sorrow
• duḥkha-samāviṣṭaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + sam-ā√viś (धातु)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; उपपद-तत्पुरुष with PPP (क्त): 'duḥkhena samāviṣṭaḥ'

• duḥkhitam: sorrowful
• duḥkhitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duḥkhita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying rāmam

• rāmam: Rama
• rāmam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• abravīt: said
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular, Parasmaipada

Context

This demon who misled me in the guise of a deer and took me away from the hermitage, lies dead, killed by my arrow.

Characters & Entities

• Lakshmana (Saumitrī)
• Rama
• Sumitra (implied by epithet)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is expressed through empathy and accountability: Lakṣmaṇa, though virtuous, recognizes the gravity of the situation and responds with seriousness rather than defensiveness.

What is the narrative situation?

After Rama’s anxious words, Lakṣmaṇa—now deeply distressed—prepares to explain why he left Sītā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Lakṣmaṇa’s śubha-lakṣaṇa (good character) is emphasized—his readiness to respond respectfully even under blame and grief.