Shloka 3

अरण्यकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Maricha’s Mimic Cry and the Rama–Lakshmana–Sita Confrontation

Devanagari script

दृष्ट्वैवाभ्यागतं त्वां मे मैथिलीं त्यज्य लक्ष्मण।शङ्कमानं महत्पापं यत्सत्यं व्यथितं मनः।।।।

Transliteration

dṛṣṭvaivābhyāgataṃ tvāṃ me maithilīṃ tyajya lakṣmaṇa |

śaṅkamānaṃ mahat pāpaṃ yat satyaṃ vyathitaṃ manaḥ ||

Translation

جوں ہی میں نے تمہیں واپس آتے دیکھا، اے لکشمن! میتھلی کو چھوڑ کر—میرا دل کانپ اٹھا؛ وہ ہولناک گمان سچ نکلا اور میرا باطن زخمی ہو گیا۔

Word by Word

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), 'having seen'

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (निपात)

• abhyāgatam: come/arrived
• abhyāgatam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi√gam (धातु)
• Form: Past active participle (क्त), Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying tvām

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Second person pronoun, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• me: my
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: First person pronoun, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (enclitic)

• maithilīm: Maithili (Sita)
• maithilīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maithilī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• tyajya: having left
• tyajya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tyaj (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), 'having abandoned'

• lakṣmaṇa: O Lakshmana
• lakṣmaṇa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular

• śaṅkamānam: doubting/suspecting
• śaṅkamānam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śaṅk (धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying manaḥ

• mahat: great
• mahat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying pāpam

• pāpam: evil/sin
• pāpam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• yat: which/that
• yat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular; relative pronoun introducing clause

• satyam: true
• satyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: satya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular; predicative 'true'

• vyathitam: pained/distressed
• vyathitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi√ath (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular; qualifying manaḥ

• manaḥ: mind
• manaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

Context

I am not happy with you as you have come here deserting Sita on the plea that she was angry and spoke harsh words.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana
• Maithili (Sita)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here centers on responsibility and vigilance: leaving Sītā unprotected violates the duty of guardianship, and Rama’s fear reflects the moral weight of that lapse.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa returns to Rama without Sītā; Rama immediately suspects danger and feels his ominous doubts have come true.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s truth-oriented discernment (satya-buddhi) and protective concern for Sītā are highlighted, even amid distress.