Valmiki Ramayana 3.49.2 — Aranya Kanda, Sarga 49, Shloka 2

सीताहरणम्

Ravana reveals his true form and abducts Sita

Devanagari script

स मैथिलीं पुनर्वाक्यं बभाषे च ततो भृशम्।नोन्मत्तया श्रुतौ मन्ये मम वीर्यपराक्रमौ।।3.49.2।।

Transliteration

sa maithilīṃ punar vākyaṃ babhāṣe ca tato bhṛśam | nonmattayā śrutau manye mama vīryaparākramau ||

Translation

پھر اس نے میتھلی سے نہایت سخت لہجے میں کہا: “میں سمجھتا ہوں تم ہوش میں نہیں، کہ تم نے میری قوت اور شجاعت کو سنا ہی نہیں، یا اس کی پروا نہ کی۔”

Word by Word

• सः: he (Ravana)
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• मैथिलीम्: Maithili (Sita)
• मैथिलीम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मैथिली (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• वाक्यम्: speech/words
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• बभाषे: spoke
• बभाषे: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भाष् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• ततः: then/thereupon
• ततः: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; तदर्थे अव्यय (ablatival adverb: 'thereupon/from that')

• भृशम्: exceedingly
• भृशम्: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भृशम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: intensity)

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Negator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)

• उन्मत्तया: by madness
• उन्मत्तया: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उन्मत्ता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• श्रुतौ: in hearing/within what is heard
• श्रुतौ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रुति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• मन्ये: I think/suppose
• मन्ये: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• मम: my
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• वीर्यपराक्रमौ: strength and valor
• वीर्यपराक्रमौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर्य + पराक्रम (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (co-ordinative)

Context

Ravana again said to that princess from Mithila, I suppose you are too insane to disregard my strength and valour.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Sītā (Maithilī)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse shows the adharma of arrogance and coercive speech: boasting of power to compel another’s will violates righteous conduct and truthful respect for consent.

What is the narrative situation?

During the confrontation, Rāvaṇa attempts to dominate Sītā verbally by asserting his prowess.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s steadfastness is implied: she does not yield merely because of threats or displays of might.