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Shloka 42

हेमन्तवर्णनम् तथा भरतधर्मनिष्ठा-चिन्तनम्

Winter Description and Reflection on Bharata’s Devotion

तर्पयित्वाऽथ सलिलैस्ते पितृ़न्दैवतानि च।स्तुवन्ति स्मोदितं सूर्यं देवताश्च समाहिताः।।।।

tarpayitvā 'tha salilais te pitṝn daivatāni ca |

stuvanti smoditaṃ sūryaṃ devatāś ca samāhitāḥ ||

پھر انہوں نے جل کے اَرجھ سے پِتروں اور دیوتاؤں کو ترپت کیا، اور دل کو یکسو کر کے اُدیت سورج کی ستوتی کی؛ دیوتا بھی ہم آہنگ ہو کر توجہ سے حاضر رہے۔

tarpayitvāhaving satisfied/offered libations
tarpayitvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√tṛp (धातु)
FormCausative absolutive (णिच् + क्त्वा), indeclinable (अव्ययभाव)
athathen
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormConjunctive adverb (अनन्तरार्थक अव्यय)
salilaiḥwith waters
salilaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsalila (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), 3rd case Instrumental (तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
pitṝnforefathers
pitṝn:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), 2nd case Accusative (द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
daivatānideities
daivatāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdaivatā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), 2nd case Accusative (द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
stuvantipraise
stuvanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√stu (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
sma(indeed/used to)
sma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsma (अव्यय)
FormParticle indicating past narration with present (स्म-निपात)
uditamrisen
uditam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootudita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), 2nd case Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying ‘sūryam’
sūryamthe Sun
sūryam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), 2nd case Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
devatāḥthe deities
devatāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdevatā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
samāhitāḥcomposed/collected
samāhitāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-ā-√dhā (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); agreeing with ‘devatāḥ’

People in the countryside with their desires satisfied obtain abundant cow's milk at this time. Rulers of the earth are out on their expedition with a desire for victory.

R
Rāma
S
Sītā
L
Lakṣmaṇa
P
pitṛs (forefathers)
D
devatās (gods)
S
Sūrya (Sun)

FAQs

It teaches gratitude and continuity of sacred obligations: honoring pitṛs and devatās with offerings and truthful reverence sustains moral order (ṛta/dharma).

After bathing at Godāvarī, the trio performs water-offerings and praises the rising Sun in a composed state.

Śraddhā and self-discipline: careful performance of rites even while living in hardship.