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Shloka 20

दशमः सर्गः — Rama’s Vow to Protect the Sages of Daṇḍaka

Dharma of Refuge

तदवश्यं मया कार्यमृषीणां परिपालनम्।अनुक्तेनापि वैदेहि प्रतिज्ञाय तु किं पुनः।।।।

tad avaśyaṁ mayā kāryam ṛṣīṇāṁ paripālanam |

anuktenāpi vaidehi pratijñāya tu kiṁ punaḥ ||

پس اے ویدیہی! رِشیوں کی حفاظت کرنا میرے لیے لازماً واجب ہے؛ اگر انہوں نے کہا بھی نہ ہوتا تو بھی، پھر جب میں نے وعدہ کر لیا ہے تو کیا ہی کہنا۔

tatthat
tat:
Karta (कर्ता; subject)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; 'that' referring to paripālanam
avaśyamcertainly
avaśyam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootavaśya (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; निश्चयार्थक क्रियाविशेषण = 'certainly/necessarily'
mayāby me
mayā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (अस्मद्)
Formतृतीया, एकवचन; agent
kāryammust be done
kāryam:
Kriya (क्रिया; obligation predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootkārya (प्रातिपदिक; from kṛ धातु, यत्)
Formकृत्य-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'to be done/ought to be done' predicative with 'tat'
ṛṣīṇāmof sages
ṛṣīṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी, बहुवचन
paripālanamprotection
paripālanam:
Karta (कर्ता; subject/apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootpari-pālana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; apposition to 'tat'
anuktenaeven without being requested
anuktena:
Karana (करण; circumstance)
TypeAdjective
Rootan-ukta (प्रातिपदिक; from vac धातु, क्त; with negation)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; 'even without being asked/said' (instrument of circumstance)
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात; 'even'
vaidehiO Vaidehi
vaidehi:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvaidehī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, संबोधन, एकवचन
pratijñāyaafter promising
pratijñāya:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण; circumstance)
TypeNoun
Rootprati-jñā (प्रतिज्ञा प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; 'after/when (there is) a promise' (locative absolute-like)
tuthen/but
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/पक्षान्तर
kimwhat
kim:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रश्नार्थक अव्यय (interrogative used idiomatically)
punaḥmore/further
punaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunaḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; 'again/further' (here: 'what more')

Your auspicious words are quite befitting your lineage. You are the follower of my dharma and so dearer to me than my life.

R
Rama
S
Sita (Vaidehi)
S
sages (ṛṣi)

FAQs

Dharma can be intrinsic duty, not merely a response to request: the righteous should be protected as a matter of obligation; a vow only strengthens that obligation.

Rama argues that he was duty-bound to protect the sages regardless; since he has vowed, the duty becomes even more binding.

Proactive righteousness—Rama frames protection as a natural responsibility, not a favor.