Shloka 40

Devanagari script

तदनन्तर उन्होंने अनेक प्रकारके पवित्र एवं गुणकारक अन्न-पान महात्मा केशवको अर्पित किये ।।

Transliteration

tad-anantaraṁ tair aneka-prakāraiḥ pavitraiḥ guṇa-kārakaiś ca anna-pānaiḥ mahātmā keśavo 'rpitaḥ || tais tarpayitvā prathamaṁ brāhmaṇān madhusūdanaḥ | veda-vidbhyo dadau kṛṣṇaḥ paramadraviṇāny api ||

Translation

اس کے بعد انہوں نے مہاتما کیشو کو طرح طرح کے پاکیزہ اور فائدہ مند کھانے پینے کی چیزیں پیش کیں۔ مدھوسودن نے پہلے اسی طعام سے برہمنوں کو سیر کیا، پھر وید کے جاننے والوں کو بہترین دولت بھی عطا کی۔

Word by Word

• तैः: by those (things)
• तैः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• तर्पयित्वा: having satisfied
• Type: Verb
• Root: तृप्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite

• प्रथमम्: first
• Type: Adjective/Adverb
• Root: प्रथम
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ब्राह्मणान्: Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• मधुसूदनः: Madhusūdana (Krishna)
• मधुसूदनः: Karta
• Type: Noun (proper epithet)
• Root: मधुसूदन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वेदविद्धये: to the knowers of the Veda
• वेदविद्धये: Sampradana
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वेदविद्
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Plural

• ददौ: gave
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• कृष्णः: Krishna
• कृष्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: कृष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परमद्रविणानि: excellent riches/wealth
• परमद्रविणानि: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: परमद्रविण
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)
• Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa)
• Brāhmaṇas
• Veda-knowers (veda-vids)
• Food and drink (anna-pāna)
• Wealth/gifts (draviṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights dharmic priority: one should first honor and satisfy the brāhmaṇas and those devoted to Vedic learning, and then give appropriate gifts. Hospitality (anna-pāna) and dāna (wealth) are framed as ethical duties performed with purity and benefit to others.

What is happening in the narrative?

After offerings of pure, wholesome food and drink are presented to Keśava, Kṛṣṇa (Madhusūdana) first feeds and satisfies the brāhmaṇas, and then gives valuable gifts to the Veda-knowers, completing the reception with proper ritual and social decorum.