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Shloka 1

उद्योगपर्व — विदुरनीतिः (Adhyāya 37): आयुःक्षयहेतवः, नीतिसूत्राणि, बलभेदाः, पाण्डव-विग्रहदोषदर्शनम्

भीकम (2 अमान अष्टात्रेशो5 ध्याय: विदुरजीका नीतियुक्त उपदेश विदुर उवाच ऊर्ध्व प्राणा ह्ुत्क्रामन्ति यून: स्थविर आयति । प्रत्युत्थानाभिवादा भ्यां पुनस्तान्‌ प्रतिपद्यते

Vidura uvāca | ūrdhvaṁ prāṇā hy utkrāmanti yūnaḥ sthavira āyati | pratyutthānābhivādābhyāṁ punas tān pratipadyate ||

ودُر نے کہا—اے راجا! جب کوئی قابلِ تعظیم بزرگ قریب آتا ہے تو نوجوان کی جان کی سانسیں گویا اوپر کو اٹھنے لگتی ہیں؛ مگر جب وہ کھڑا ہو کر استقبال کرتا اور سلام/پرنام کرتا ہے تو وہ سانسیں پھر اپنی درست اور ثابت حالت میں لوٹ آتی ہیں۔

ऊर्ध्वम्upwards
ऊर्ध्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऊर्ध्व
प्राणाःvital breaths, life-forces
प्राणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
उत्क्रामन्तिrise up, depart upward
उत्क्रामन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-क्रम्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
यूनःof a young man
यूनः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुवन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
स्थविरःan elder, old man
स्थविरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्थविर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आयातिcomes, approaches
आयाति:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-या
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रत्युत्थानाभिवादाभ्याम्by rising to greet and by salutation
प्रत्युत्थानाभिवादाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रत्युत्थान + अभिवाद
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Dual
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
तान्those (breaths)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रतिपद्यतेregains, obtains back
प्रतिपद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-पद्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
K
King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied addressee)
Y
young man (yuvan)
E
elder (sthavira)

Educational Q&A

Proper etiquette toward elders—standing up to receive them and offering respectful salutation—is not mere formality; it restores inner composure and reflects dharma (nīti) through humility and reverence.

In Vidura’s ethical counsel to the king, he illustrates how a young person becomes inwardly unsettled when a venerable elder arrives, and how that agitation is resolved by performing the culturally prescribed acts of greeting: rising to welcome and bowing in respect.