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Shloka 22

Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum

Udyoga-parva 35

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच महाकुले भ्य: स्पृहयन्ति देवा धर्मार्थनित्याश्व बहुश्रुताश्न । पृच्छामि त्वां विदुर प्रश्नमेत॑ भवन्ति वै कानि महाकुलानि,धृतराष्ट्रने कहा--विदुर! धर्म और अर्थके अनुष्ठानमें परायण एवं बहुश्रुत देवता भी उत्तम कुलमें उत्पन्न पुरुषोंकी इच्छा करते हैं। इसलिये मैं तुमसे यह प्रश्न करता हूँ कि महान्‌ (उत्तम) कुलीन कौन हैं?

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | mahākulebhyaḥ spṛhayanti devā dharmārthanityāś ca bahuśrutāś ca | pṛcchāmi tvāṃ vidura praśnam etad bhavanti vai kāni mahākulāni ||

دھرتراشٹر نے کہا— اے ودور! دھرم اور ارتھ کے آچرن میں ثابت قدم اور علم میں نامور عظیم خاندانوں میں جنم لینے کی آرزو دیوتا بھی کرتے ہیں۔ اس لیے میں تم سے پوچھتا ہوں: حقیقت میں کون سے خاندان ‘مہاکُل’ یعنی شریف و عالی نسب کہلاتے ہیں؟

धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
महाकुलेभ्यःfrom great/noble families
महाकुलेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाकुल
FormNeuter, Ablative, Plural
स्पृहयन्तिdesire/long for
स्पृहयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootस्पृह्
FormPresent, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
धर्मार्थनित्याःever devoted to dharma and artha
धर्मार्थनित्याः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मार्थनित्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
बहुश्रुताःmuch-learned
बहुश्रुताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुश्रुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पृच्छामिI ask
पृच्छामि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्
FormPresent, 1, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विदुरO Vidura
विदुर:
TypeNoun
Rootविदुर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रश्नम्question
प्रश्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रश्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एतम्this
एतम्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भवन्तिare/become
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
कानिwhich (ones)
कानि:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
महाकुलानिgreat/noble families
महाकुलानि:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाकुल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच

D
Dhritarashtra
V
Vidura
D
Devas (gods)

Educational Q&A

True nobility is not merely birth-based; it is associated with sustained commitment to dharma and artha and with learning (bahuśruta). The verse frames ‘great lineage’ as an ethical and cultural ideal that even the gods value.

In Udyoga Parva, Dhṛtarāṣṭra questions Vidura, seeking a definition of what counts as a truly ‘great’ family. This sets up Vidura’s counsel on virtue, conduct, and the standards by which people and dynasties should be judged.