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Shloka 20

Udyoga Parva, Adhyaya 31 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Instructions to Sañjaya

Peace Appeal and Five-Village Proposal

कथं हि मन्त्राग्रयधरो मनीषी धर्मार्थयोरापदि सम्प्रणेता । एवं युक्त: सर्वमन्त्रैरहीनो नरो नृशंसं कर्म कुर्यादमूढ:,आप श्रेष्ठ मन्त्रियोंका सेवन करनेवाले हैं, स्वयं भी बुद्धिमान्‌ हैं, आपत्तिकालमें धर्म और अर्थका उचित-रूपसे प्रयोग करते हैं, सब प्रकारकी अच्छी सलाहोंसे भी आप युक्त हैं। फिर आप-जैसे साधनसम्पन्न दिद्वान्‌ पुरुष ऐसा क्रूरतापूर्ण कार्य कैसे कर सकते हैं?

sañjaya uvāca |

kathaṁ hi mantrāgrayadharo manīṣī dharmārthayor āpadi sampranetā |

evaṁ yuktaḥ sarvamantrair ahīno naro nṛśaṁsaṁ karma kuryād amūḍhaḥ ||

سنجے نے کہا—جو شخص برترین مشورے کا حامل، دانا، اور بحران کے وقت دھرم اور مادی سیاست دونوں کی درست رہنمائی کرنے والا ہو؛ جو کسی بھی نیک رائے سے محروم نہ ہو—وہ غیرمغفّل آدمی ظلم و قساوت کا کام کیسے کر سکتا ہے؟

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
मन्त्रof counsels/strategies
मन्त्र:
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अग्रयexcellent/chief
अग्रय:
TypeAdjective
Rootअग्रय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
धरःholder/bearer
धरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मनीषीwise man
मनीषी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनीषिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मof dharma
धर्म:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual
अर्थयोःand artha (policy/wealth)
अर्थयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual
आपदिin calamity/in distress
आपदि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआपद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
सम्प्रणेताleader/guide/director
सम्प्रणेता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसम्-प्र-नी (सम्प्रणेता)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवम्thus/in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
युक्तःendowed/connected
युक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुज् (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वwith all
सर्व:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
मन्त्रैःby/with counsels
मन्त्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अहीनःnot lacking
अहीनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-हीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नृशंसम्cruel/heinous
नृशंसम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनृशंस
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्मdeed/action
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुर्यात्should do/would do
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अमूढःnot deluded/wise
अमूढः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-मूढ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

True wisdom and competent counsel are incompatible with nṛśaṁsa (cruel, inhumane) action; a leader who can balance dharma and artha, especially in crisis, should not descend into brutality.

Sañjaya voices moral astonishment and reproach: he points out that a person renowned for sound counsel and prudent crisis-guidance should not be capable of committing a ruthless deed, highlighting the ethical tension driving the Udyoga Parva’s diplomacy and impending war.